Herrera L A, Benítez-Bribiesca L, Sotelo J, Ostrosky-Wegman P
Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, SSA, México, D.F. México.
Gac Med Mex. 2000 Sep-Oct;136(5):477-89.
Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common parasitic infection of the central nervous system. Praziquantel and albendazole are the two cestocide drugs currently used for the treatment of NCC. The present article reviews the studies on the pharmacokinetics of these compounds, both in animals and humans, that have led to more accurate, precise and short treatment schedules for NCC. Toxicological data indicate that both praziquantel and albendazole do not have severe secondary effects in the short term, however, there is still not sufficient information about their long term effects on human health, mainly with respect to albendazole, for which few studies on its effects on human cells are available. These two drugs constitute an effective treatment not only for NCC but also for several helminthiosis. To keep this advantageuos situation, health care professionals should be aware of the necessity of a more rational use of both anthelminthics, since the potentially adverse long term effects could be related to time and dose of exposure as well as to individual susceptibility. In addition, there is always the possibility that the misuse of these compounds could give rise to resistant species, that may represent a significant problem for public health in countries where parasitic diseases are endemic.
神经囊尾蚴病（NCC）是中枢神经系统最常见的寄生虫感染。吡喹酮和阿苯达唑是目前用于治疗NCC的两种杀绦虫药物。本文综述了关于这些化合物在动物和人类体内药代动力学的研究，这些研究促成了更准确、精确且疗程较短的NCC治疗方案。毒理学数据表明，吡喹酮和阿苯达唑短期内均无严重的副作用，然而，关于它们对人类健康的长期影响，目前仍缺乏足够的信息，尤其是阿苯达唑，针对其对人类细胞影响的研究很少。这两种药物不仅对NCC有效，对几种蠕虫病也有效。为保持这种有利局面，医护人员应意识到更合理使用这两种驱虫药的必要性，因为潜在的长期不良影响可能与接触时间、剂量以及个体易感性有关。此外，这些化合物的滥用总是有可能产生耐药物种，这对于寄生虫病流行国家的公共卫生可能是一个重大问题。
