Bussey T J, Dias R, Redhead E S, Pearce J M, Muir J L, Aggleton J P
Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Exp Brain Res. 2000 Oct;134(4):506-19. doi: 10.1007/s002210000481.
It has been proposed that the hippocampal formation is necessary for the acquisition of tasks that require the use of configural representations for their solution, including spatial learning and negative patterning. Tests of this influential view have, however, yielded conflicting results. For example fornix or hippocampal lesions, which reliably impair spatial learning, do not reliably impair negative patterning. A problem in interpreting these results has been the lack of controls for factors such as over-responding, excitatory effects of reward, and the possibility of non-configural solutions. At the same time, other studies have pointed to a role in configural learning for parahippocampal regions such as the perirhinal cortex. The present experiments controlled for the above factors and revealed that neither lesions of the fornix nor of the perirhinal/postrhinal cortex in the rat had any effect on negative patterning, although subsequent tests of object and spatial memory demonstrated the functional efficacy of the lesions.
有人提出，海马结构对于解决需要使用构型表征的任务（包括空间学习和负性模式）的习得是必要的。然而，对这一有影响力观点的测试却得出了相互矛盾的结果。例如，穹窿或海马损伤虽然确实会损害空间学习，但并不一定会损害负性模式。解释这些结果时存在的一个问题是，缺乏对过度反应、奖励的兴奋作用以及非构型解决方案可能性等因素的控制。与此同时，其他研究指出海马旁区域（如嗅周皮层）在构型学习中发挥作用。本实验对上述因素进行了控制，结果显示，大鼠的穹窿损伤或嗅周/嗅后皮层损伤对负性模式均无任何影响，尽管随后对物体和空间记忆的测试证明了损伤的功能有效性。
