Carriot F, Sasco A J
Unité d'Epidémiologie pour la Prévention du Cancer, Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer, 150, cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 8, France.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2000 Oct;48(5):473-83.
Several publications have recently suggested a relationship between cannabis use and certain types of cancer. We gathered information on the latest findings on the subject. A manual and computerized bibliographic search on cannabis and cancer was conducted. In users under 40 years of age, cannabis is suspected to increase the risk of squamous-cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract, particularly of the tongue and larynx, and possibly of lung. Other tumours being suspected are non-lymphoblastic acute leukaemia and astrocytoma. In head and neck cancer, carcinogenicity was observed for regular (i.e. more than once a day for years) cannabis smokers. Moreover, cannabis increases the risk of head and neck cancer in a dose-response manner for frequency and duration of use. Interaction was observed with cigarette smoking and alcohol use. Delta9-THC seems to have a specific carcinogenic effect different from that of the pyrolysis products. Epidemiological studies are needed as soon as possible to provide data on the European and French situation. Information on the possible risks of a regular use of cannabis should be a priority.
最近有几份出版物表明大麻使用与某些类型的癌症之间存在关联。我们收集了有关该主题最新研究结果的信息。对大麻与癌症进行了人工和计算机化的文献检索。在40岁以下的使用者中，大麻被怀疑会增加上消化道鳞状细胞癌的风险，尤其是舌癌和喉癌，也可能增加肺癌风险。其他被怀疑的肿瘤是非淋巴细胞性急性白血病和星形细胞瘤。在头颈癌方面，长期（即多年每天不止一次）吸食大麻者存在致癌性。此外，就使用频率和持续时间而言，大麻以剂量反应方式增加头颈癌风险。观察到与吸烟和饮酒存在相互作用。δ9-四氢大麻酚似乎具有与热解产物不同的特定致癌作用。需要尽快开展流行病学研究，以提供有关欧洲和法国情况的数据。定期使用大麻可能存在的风险信息应成为优先事项。
