Gormus B J, Murphey-Corb M, Baskin G B, Uherka K, Martin L N, Marx P A, Xu K, Ratterree M S
Department of Microbiology, Tulane University Regional Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA.
J Med Primatol. 2000 Aug;29(3-4):259-67. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0684.1999.290319.x.
Groups of rhesus monkeys were inoculated with: 1) simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)B670 alone; 2) Mycobacterium leprae alone; 3) SIV plus M. leprae on the same day; and 4) M. leprae 2 weeks after SIV. Animals were monitored at intervals for virus loads, antibody responses to M. leprae glycolipid antigens and to SIV Gp120, T-cell CD4+ and CD4+ CD29+ subset percentages, leprosy and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) clinical symptoms. Five out of six animals developed leprosy in each co-inoculated group, compared to one out of six in the M. leprae-only-inoculated group, indicating that M. leprae/SIV co-infection increases the susceptibility to leprosy, regardless of the timing of the two infections. Animals in the co-infected group that received M. leprae 2 weeks after SIV had a significantly slower rate of AIDS progression and long-term survival was significantly greater (three out of six) compared to the group inoculated with SIV alone (zero out of seven). All M. leprae-only-inoculated animals (six out of six) survived. Post-SIV-inoculation, a rapid decrease in the percentages of CD4 + and CD4 + CD29 + T-cells was observed in the SIV-only-inoculated group that was significantly blocked by co-inoculation with M. leprae 2 weeks after SIV, but not by SIV on the same day. The virus load set point was increased by approximately two logs in the group inoculated with M. leprae and SIV on the same day compared to SIV 2 weeks prior to M. leprae or the SIV-only-inoculated group. The results indicate that M. leprae, inoculated 2 weeks after SIV, decreased the pathogenicity of SIV compared to inoculation of M. leprae and SIV on the same day or SIV alone. The decreased pathogenicity correlated with a diminished loss of CD4 + and CD4 + CD29 + T-cell subsets in the group inoculated with M. leprae 2 weeks after SIV compared to the group inoculated with SIV alone. IgG antibody responses to M. leprae-specific cell wall phenolic glycolipid-I antigen were inhibited by 2-week-prior or same-day SIV co-inoculation compared to M. leprae-only inoculated animals. The IgG anti-lipoarabinomannan antibody response was enhanced in the group inoculated with M. leprae and SIV on the same day compared to the groups inoculated with M. leprae alone or SIV 2 weeks prior to M. leprae. Antibody responses to SIV Gp120 antigen were unimpaired in both co-inoculated groups compared to SIV-only-inoculated groups. The antibody results show that the immune responses to SIV and M. leprae are interrelated in SIV/M. leprae co-infected animals.
1）单独接种猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）B670；2）单独接种麻风分枝杆菌；3）同一天接种SIV加麻风分枝杆菌；4）SIV接种2周后接种麻风分枝杆菌。定期监测动物的病毒载量、针对麻风分枝杆菌糖脂抗原和SIV Gp120的抗体反应、T细胞CD4 +和CD4 + CD29 +亚群百分比、麻风病和获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）临床症状。与仅接种麻风分枝杆菌组的六分之一相比，每个联合接种组的六分之五的动物发生了麻风病，这表明无论两种感染的时间先后顺序如何，麻风分枝杆菌/SIV共同感染都会增加对麻风病的易感性。与单独接种SIV的组（七分之零）相比，在SIV接种2周后接种麻风分枝杆菌的共同感染组中，动物的AIDS进展速度明显较慢，长期存活率明显更高（六分之三）。所有仅接种麻风分枝杆菌的动物（六分之六）都存活了下来。接种SIV后，在仅接种SIV的组中观察到CD4 +和CD4 + CD29 + T细胞百分比迅速下降，而在SIV接种2周后与麻风分枝杆菌联合接种可显著阻止这种下降，但同一天接种SIV则不能。与在接种麻风分枝杆菌前2周接种SIV或仅接种SIV的组相比，同一天接种麻风分枝杆菌和SIV的组的病毒载量设定点增加了约两个对数。结果表明，与同一天接种麻风分枝杆菌和SIV或仅接种SIV相比，在SIV接种2周后接种麻风分枝杆菌可降低SIV的致病性。与仅接种SIV的组相比，在SIV接种2周后接种麻风分枝杆菌的组中，致病性降低与CD4 +和CD4 + CD29 + T细胞亚群损失减少相关。与仅接种麻风分枝杆菌的动物相比，提前2周或同一天与SIV联合接种可抑制针对麻风分枝杆菌特异性细胞壁酚糖脂-I抗原的IgG抗体反应。与仅接种麻风分枝杆菌组或在接种麻风分枝杆菌前2周接种SIV的组相比，同一天接种麻风分枝杆菌和SIV的组中IgG抗脂阿拉伯甘露聚糖抗体反应增强。与仅接种SIV的组相比，两个联合接种组中对SIV Gp120抗原的抗体反应均未受损。抗体结果表明，在SIV/麻风分枝杆菌共同感染的动物中，对SIV和麻风分枝杆菌的免疫反应是相互关联的。
