Lasser K, Boyd J W, Woolhandler S, Himmelstein D U, McCormick D, Bor D H
Department of Medicine, Cambridge Hospital, Macht Bldg, 1493 Cambridge St, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
JAMA. 2000;284(20):2606-10. doi: 10.1001/jama.284.20.2606.
Studies of selected groups of persons with mental illness, such as those who are institutionalized or seen in mental health clinics, have reported rates of smoking to be higher than in persons without mental illness. However, recent population-based, nationally representative data are lacking.
To assess rates of smoking and tobacco cessation in adults, with and without mental illness.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Analysis of data on 4411 respondents aged 15 to 54 years from the National Comorbidity Survey, a nationally representative multistage probability survey conducted from 1991 to 1992.
Rates of smoking and tobacco cessation according to the number and type of psychiatric diagnoses, assessed by a modified version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview.
Current smoking rates for respondents with no mental illness, lifetime mental illness, and past-month mental illness were 22.5%, 34.8%, and 41.0%, respectively. Lifetime smoking rates were 39.1%, 55.3%, and 59.0%, respectively (P<.001 for all comparisons). Smokers with any history of mental illness had a self-reported quit rate of 37.1% (P =.04), and smokers with past-month mental illness had a self-reported quit rate of 30. 5% (P<.001) compared with smokers without mental illness (42.5%). Odds ratios for current and lifetime smoking in respondents with mental illness in the past month vs respondents without mental illness, adjusted for age, sex, and region of the country, were 2.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-3.1) and 2.7 (95% CI, 2.4-3.2), respectively. Persons with a mental disorder in the past month consumed approximately 44.3% of cigarettes smoked by this nationally representative sample.
Persons with mental illness are about twice as likely to smoke as other persons but have substantial quit rates. JAMA. 2000;284:2606-2610.
对特定精神疾病患者群体的研究，如那些被收容在机构中的患者或在心理健康诊所就诊的患者，报告显示其吸烟率高于无精神疾病的人群。然而，目前缺乏基于全国人口的具有代表性的数据。
评估有精神疾病和无精神疾病成年人的吸烟率及戒烟率。
设计、地点和参与者：对1991年至1992年进行的全国共病调查中4411名年龄在15至54岁的受访者的数据进行分析，该调查是一项具有全国代表性的多阶段概率调查。
根据精神病诊断的数量和类型，通过综合国际诊断访谈的修订版评估吸烟率和戒烟率。
无精神疾病、有终生精神疾病和过去一个月内有精神疾病的受访者当前吸烟率分别为22.5%、34.8%和41.0%。终生吸烟率分别为39.1%、55.3%和59.0%（所有比较P<0.001）。有任何精神疾病史的吸烟者自我报告的戒烟率为37.1%（P = 0.04），过去一个月内有精神疾病的吸烟者自我报告的戒烟率为30.5%（P<0.001），而无精神疾病的吸烟者为42.5%。在调整年龄、性别和所在地区后，过去一个月内有精神疾病的受访者当前吸烟和终生吸烟的优势比分别为2.7（95%置信区间[CI]，2.3 - 3.1）和2.7（95%CI，2.4 - 3.2）。过去一个月内患有精神障碍的人群消耗了该全国代表性样本所吸香烟的约44.3%。
患有精神疾病的人吸烟的可能性约为其他人的两倍，但有相当高的戒烟率。《美国医学会杂志》。2000年；284：2606 - 2610。
