Department of Psychiatry, Treatment Research Center, Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, University of California, 401 Parnassus Avenue, Box TRC-0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2010 Nov;12(11):1125-32. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntq160. Epub 2010 Sep 20.
This study examines the relation between tobacco use and cessation with lifetime and past year mental illness in a nationally representative sample of Blacks.
This cross-sectional study analyzed nationally representative data from 3,411 adult Blacks participating in the 2001-2003 National Survey of American Life. Smoking prevalence and quit rates according to lifetime and past year Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition mental disorders were assessed by a modified version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview.
Compared with those without mental illness, respondents with a lifetime, past year, or past month mental illness had a higher smoking prevalence (20.6%, 35.6%, 36.0%, and 45.4%, respectively) and lower quit rate (40.5%, 31.2%, and 26.2%, respectively). The odds of being a current smoker among Blacks with mental illness in their lifetime, past year, and past month, after adjusting for age, gender, education, poverty, and marital status were 1.76 (95% CI = 1.39-2.22), 1.57 (95% CI = 1.22-2.03), and 2.20 (95% CI = 1.56-3.12), respectively. Mental illness also was associated with heavier smoking. Blacks with past year mental illness represented 18.1% of the sample, yet consumed 23.9% of cigarettes smoked by Black smokers. Past year (odds ratio [OR] = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.53-0.97) and past month (OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.29-0.98) mental illness were associated with a lower odds of quitting for at least 1 year.
Findings indicate that mental illness is significantly associated with tobacco use in Blacks. Tobacco cessation interventions that address mental illness as a barrier to cessation are needed.
本研究在一个具有全国代表性的黑人样本中，考察了吸烟和戒烟与终身和过去一年精神疾病之间的关系。
这项横断面研究分析了参与 2001-2003 年全国生活调查的 3411 名成年黑人的全国代表性数据。通过对复合国际诊断访谈的修改版评估了根据终身和过去一年的《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第四版精神障碍的吸烟流行率和戒烟率。
与没有精神疾病的人相比，有终身、过去一年或过去一个月精神疾病的受访者吸烟率更高（分别为 20.6%、35.6%、36.0%和 45.4%），戒烟率更低（分别为 40.5%、31.2%和 26.2%）。调整年龄、性别、教育程度、贫困和婚姻状况后，黑人中终身、过去一年和过去一个月有精神疾病的人目前吸烟的几率分别为 1.76（95%CI=1.39-2.22）、1.57（95%CI=1.22-2.03）和 2.20（95%CI=1.56-3.12）。精神疾病也与吸烟量增加有关。有过去一年精神疾病的黑人占样本的 18.1%，但却消费了黑人吸烟者所吸烟草的 23.9%。过去一年（比值比[OR]=0.72，95%CI=0.53-0.97）和过去一个月（OR=0.54，95%CI=0.29-0.98）的精神疾病与戒烟至少一年的几率较低有关。
研究结果表明，精神疾病与黑人的吸烟行为显著相关。需要开展以精神疾病为戒烟障碍的戒烟干预措施。
