Sherbondy P S, McFarland E G
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2000 Nov;11(4):729-43.
Shoulder instability is a common malady affecting the athlete's shoulder. A basic knowledge of shoulder anatomy and biomechanics is essential to understanding the pathophysiology and treatment options. The history and physical examination can lead the investigator to the correct diagnosis in most cases. Diagnostic imaging modalities can provide useful clues and help rule out concomitant pathology. Most patients are suitable candidates for a trial of shoulder rehabilitation. Those who fail nonoperative treatment may be candidates for surgical intervention. A variety of surgical techniques are available to reliably prevent recurrent instability. There has been a recent trend towards arthroscopic stabilization, including thermal capsulorrhaphy, which may prove as effective as open techniques.
肩关节不稳定是一种影响运动员肩部的常见病症。对肩部解剖学和生物力学的基本知识对于理解病理生理学和治疗选择至关重要。在大多数情况下，病史和体格检查可引导研究者做出正确诊断。诊断性成像方式可提供有用线索并有助于排除合并的病变。大多数患者适合进行肩部康复试验。非手术治疗失败的患者可能适合手术干预。有多种手术技术可用于可靠地预防复发性不稳定。最近有一种向关节镜下稳定化发展的趋势，包括热囊缝合术，其可能证明与开放技术一样有效。
