Weinick R M, Zuvekas S H, Cohen J W
Med Care Res Rev. 2000;57 Suppl 1:36-54. doi: 10.1177/1077558700057001S03.
This article focuses on racial and ethnic disparities in health care, describing both absolute differences and relative changes in access to care and the use of health services among whites, blacks, and Hispanics over the past two decades. Using data from a series of three nationally representative medical expenditure surveys, the authors present descriptive statistics on disparities in access and use between minorities and whites over time. They also use multivariate analyses to isolate the extent to which health insurance and income explain those disparities. The authors find that disparities increased between 1977 and 1996, particularly for Hispanic Americans. Results also show that approximately one half to three quarters of the disparities observed in 1996 would remain even if racial and ethnic disparities in income and health insurance coverage were eliminated.
本文聚焦于医疗保健中的种族和民族差异，描述了过去二十年间白人、黑人及西班牙裔在获得医疗服务和使用医疗保健方面的绝对差异和相对变化。作者利用一系列三次具有全国代表性的医疗支出调查数据，呈现了随着时间推移少数族裔与白人在医疗服务获取和使用方面差异的描述性统计数据。他们还运用多变量分析来确定医疗保险和收入在多大程度上解释了这些差异。作者发现，1977年至1996年间差异有所增加，尤其是对美国西班牙裔而言。结果还表明，即便消除了收入和医疗保险覆盖方面的种族和民族差异，1996年观察到的差异中仍约有二分之一至四分之三会依然存在。
