Burger K, Gimpl G, Fahrenholz F
Institut für Biochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Germany.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2000 Oct;57(11):1577-92. doi: 10.1007/pl00000643.
Cholesterol influences many of the biophysical properties of membranes and is nonrandomly distributed between cellular organelles, subdomains of membranes, and leaflets of the membrane bilayer. In combination with the high dynamics of cholesterol distribution, this offers many possibilities for regulation of membrane-embedded receptors. Depending on the receptor, cholesterol can have a strong influence on the affinity state, on the binding capacity, and on signal transduction. Most important, cholesterol may stabilize receptors in defined conformations related to their biological functions. This may occur by direct molecular interaction between cholesterol and receptors. In this review, we discuss the functional dependence of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor as well as different G protein-coupled receptors on the presence of cholesterol.
胆固醇会影响细胞膜的许多生物物理特性，且在细胞器、细胞膜亚结构域和膜双层的小叶之间呈非随机分布。结合胆固醇分布的高度动态性，这为调节膜嵌入受体提供了多种可能性。根据受体的不同，胆固醇会对亲和力状态、结合能力和信号转导产生强烈影响。最重要的是，胆固醇可能会使受体稳定在与其生物学功能相关的特定构象中。这可能通过胆固醇与受体之间的直接分子相互作用而发生。在本综述中，我们讨论了烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体以及不同G蛋白偶联受体对胆固醇存在的功能依赖性。
