Saris W H, Astrup A, Prentice A M, Zunft H J, Formiguera X, Verboeket-van de Venne W P, Raben A, Poppitt S D, Seppelt B, Johnston S, Vasilaras T H, Keogh G F
Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000 Oct;24(10):1310-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801451.
To investigate the long-term effects of changes in dietary carbohydrate/fat ratio and simple vs complex carbohydrates.
Randomized controlled multicentre trial (CARMEN), in which subjects were allocated for 6 months either to a seasonal control group (no intervention) or to one of three experimental groups: a control diet group (dietary intervention typical of the average national intake); a low-fat high simple carbohydrate group; or a low-fat high complex carbohydrate group.
Three hundred and ninety eight moderately obese adults.
The change in body weight was the primary outcome; changes in body composition and blood lipids were secondary outcomes.
Body weight loss in the low-fat high simple carbohydrate and low-fat high complex carbohydrate groups was 0.9 kg (P < 0.05) and 1.8 kg (P < 0.001), while the control diet and seasonal control groups gained weight (0.8 and 0.1 kg, NS). Fat mass changed by -1.3kg (P< 0.01), -1.8kg (P< 0.001) and +0.6kg (NS) in the low-fat high simple carbohydrate, low-fat high complex carbohydrate and control diet groups, respectively. Changes in blood lipids did not differ significantly between the dietary treatment groups.
Our findings suggest that reduction of fat intake results in a modest but significant reduction in body weight and body fatness. The concomitant increase in either simple or complex carbohydrates did not indicate significant differences in weight change. No adverse effects on blood lipids were observed. These findings underline the importance of this dietary change and its potential impact on the public health implications of obesity.
研究饮食中碳水化合物/脂肪比例变化以及简单碳水化合物与复合碳水化合物的长期影响。
随机对照多中心试验（CARMEN），受试者被分配至季节性对照组（无干预）或三个试验组之一，为期6个月：对照饮食组（典型的全国平均摄入量的饮食干预）；低脂高简单碳水化合物组；或低脂高复合碳水化合物组。
398名中度肥胖成年人。
体重变化是主要结果；身体成分和血脂变化是次要结果。
低脂高简单碳水化合物组和低脂高复合碳水化合物组的体重减轻分别为0.9千克（P<0.05）和1.8千克（P<0.001），而对照饮食组和季节性对照组体重增加（0.8千克和0.1千克，无统计学意义）。低脂高简单碳水化合物组、低脂高复合碳水化合物组和对照饮食组的脂肪量变化分别为-1.3千克（P<0.01）、-1.8千克（P<0.001）和+0.6千克（无统计学意义）。饮食治疗组之间血脂变化无显著差异。
我们的研究结果表明，减少脂肪摄入会导致体重和体脂适度但显著降低。简单或复合碳水化合物的同时增加在体重变化方面未显示出显著差异。未观察到对血脂的不良影响。这些发现强调了这种饮食变化的重要性及其对肥胖的公共卫生影响的潜在影响。
