Gascon C, Malcolm J R, Patton J L, da Silva M N, Bogart J P, Lougheed S C, Peres C A, Neckel S, Boag P T
Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, Conservation International, 2501 M Street NW Suite 200, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Dec 5;97(25):13672-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.230136397.
Rivers have been suggested to have played an important role in shaping present-day patterns of ecological and genetic variation among Amazonian species and communities. Recent molecular studies have provided mixed support for the hypothesis that large lowland Amazonian rivers have functioned as significant impediments to gene flow among populations of neotropical species. To date, no study has systematically evaluated the impact that riverine barriers might have on structuring whole Amazonian communities. Our analyses of the phylogeography of frogs and small mammals indicate that a putative riverine barrier (the Juruá River) does not relate to present-day patterns of community similarity and species richness. Rather, our results imply a significant impact of the Andean orogenic axis and associated thrust-and-fold lowland dynamics in shaping patterns of biotic diversity along the Juruá. Combined results of this and other studies significantly weaken the postulated role of rivers as major drivers of Amazonian diversification.
有人认为，河流在塑造当今亚马逊物种和群落的生态及遗传变异模式方面发挥了重要作用。最近的分子研究对以下假说提供了喜忧参半的支持：亚马逊低地的大型河流对新热带物种种群间的基因流动起到了重大阻碍作用。迄今为止，尚无研究系统评估河流屏障可能对整个亚马逊群落结构产生的影响。我们对青蛙和小型哺乳动物的系统地理学分析表明，一个假定的河流屏障（茹鲁阿河）与当今群落相似性和物种丰富度模式并无关联。相反，我们的结果表明，安第斯造山轴以及相关的逆冲褶皱低地动态对沿茹鲁阿河的生物多样性模式形成具有重大影响。这项研究及其他研究的综合结果显著削弱了河流作为亚马逊多样化主要驱动因素的假定作用。
