Mackesy-Amiti M E, Fendrich M
Institute for Juvenile Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2000 Nov;26(4):569-90. doi: 10.1081/ada-100101896.
Data were analyzed from two years (1993 and 1995) of a statewide survey of high school students on drug use. Changes in the rates of inhalant use, and associations between inhalant use and sociodemographic variables, were examined across the two survey years. Measures of inhalant use included lifetime use, past year use, and past month use. Analyses showed no significant difference in the rates of inhalant use across years. Associations with sex, ethnicity, and age were partly consistent with previous research findings. Both lifetime and recent inhalant use were more prevalent among males than females. Blacks were less likely to use inhalants (lifetime and recent) than other racial/ethnic groups in both survey years. Native Americans showed elevated rates of recent inhalant use in 1993, but not in 1995. While age trends in the 1993 survey were consistent with expectations, age trends in the 1995 survey were not. Recent inhalant use was constant across age groups in the 1995 sample. Also contrary to expectations, inhalant use was not more prevalent in low-income or high-poverty areas. The associations of inhalant use with family intactness and academic performance varied by race/ethnicity. Family intactness was a significant protective factor only for whites and Hispanics. Poor grades were not a significant predictor of lifetime inhalant use for blacks, and the protective effect of high grades was found only for whites. Poor grades were highly predictive of lifetime inhalant use for Asians.
对一项关于高中生药物使用情况的全州范围调查中两年（1993年和1995年）的数据进行了分析。在这两个调查年份中，研究了吸入剂使用率的变化以及吸入剂使用与社会人口统计学变量之间的关联。吸入剂使用的衡量指标包括终生使用、过去一年使用和过去一个月使用。分析表明，各年份的吸入剂使用率没有显著差异。与性别、种族和年龄的关联部分与先前的研究结果一致。终生和近期吸入剂使用在男性中比在女性中更为普遍。在两个调查年份中，黑人（终生和近期）使用吸入剂的可能性低于其他种族/族裔群体。美洲原住民在1993年近期吸入剂使用率较高，但在1995年并非如此。虽然1993年调查中的年龄趋势符合预期，但1995年调查中的年龄趋势并非如此。在1995年的样本中，各年龄组的近期吸入剂使用率保持不变。同样与预期相反的是，吸入剂使用在低收入或高贫困地区并不更普遍。吸入剂使用与家庭完整性和学业成绩之间的关联因种族/族裔而异。家庭完整性仅对白人和西班牙裔是一个显著的保护因素。成绩差并非黑人终生吸入剂使用的显著预测因素，而高分的保护作用仅在白人中发现。成绩差是亚洲人终生吸入剂使用的高度预测因素。
