Zhou H H, Liu Z Q
Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Hunan Medical University, Hunan, China.
Clin Chem Lab Med. 2000 Sep;38(9):899-903. doi: 10.1515/CCLM.2000.131.
Ethnic differences in drug metabolism are well documented for a number of drugs. The molecular mechanisms responsible for ethnic differences in drug metabolism have been partly clarified because of the advances in molecular biology in recent years. Gene dosage determines the drug metabolism as demonstrated for S-mephenytoin and diazepam metabolism. Genotype analysis indicates a different frequency for the mutant alleles in different ethnic populations, which results in variations in the frequency of subjects who are homozygous for the mutant allele among the extensive metabolizers in different ethnic populations. Ethnic differences in drug metabolism may result from differences in distribution of a polymorphic trait and mutations which code for enzymes with abnormal activity which occur with altered frequency in different ethnic groups.
许多药物的药物代谢存在种族差异，这已得到充分证明。由于近年来分子生物学的进展，药物代谢种族差异的分子机制已部分得到阐明。基因剂量决定药物代谢，如S-美芬妥英和地西泮代谢所示。基因型分析表明，不同种族人群中突变等位基因的频率不同，这导致不同种族人群中广泛代谢者中突变等位基因纯合子个体的频率存在差异。药物代谢的种族差异可能源于多态性特征分布的差异以及编码活性异常酶的突变，这些突变在不同种族群体中的发生频率有所改变。
