Kahana L M, Cole F M, Richardson H
Can Med Assoc J. 1975 Feb 8;112(3):321-4.
Atypical mycobacterial infections may give rise to various clinical difficulties. Case reports of six patients--three adult patients with pulmonary lesions, two children with cervical lymphadentis and one patient in whom the atypical mycobacterium appeared to be present as a commensal--illustrate these difficulties. Determination of the significance of the organism and differentiation of condition from tuberculosis and others requires consideration of the clinical picture, the results of skin testing, histologic features and cultural characteristics. Three patients, including the two children, were treated with a combination of surgery and chemotherapy, with satisfactory results. An elderly patient with chronic bronchitis and a pulmonary infection due to M. kansasii was treated successfully with antiuberculosis agents alone. Chemotherapy is being tried on a fifth patient with cavitary disease due to M. intracellulare, but is seems likely that an operation will also be required.
非典型分枝杆菌感染可能引发各种临床难题。六例患者的病例报告——三名患有肺部病变的成年患者、两名患有颈部淋巴结炎的儿童以及一名非典型分枝杆菌似乎作为共生菌存在的患者——说明了这些难题。确定该病原体的意义以及将病情与结核病和其他疾病相鉴别需要考虑临床表现、皮肤试验结果、组织学特征和培养特性。包括两名儿童在内的三名患者接受了手术和化疗相结合的治疗，效果令人满意。一名患有慢性支气管炎且因堪萨斯分枝杆菌导致肺部感染的老年患者仅用抗结核药物就成功治愈。正在对第五例因胞内分枝杆菌导致空洞性疾病的患者进行化疗，但似乎可能也需要进行手术。
