Sheykholeslami K, Murofushi T, Kermany M H, Kaga K
Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Acta Otolaryngol. 2000 Sep;120(6):731-4. doi: 10.1080/000164800750000252.
The aim of this study was to show that bone-conducted clicks and short tone bursts (STBs) can evoke myogenic potentials from the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) and that these responses are of vestibular origin. Evoked potential responses to bone-conducted auditory stimuli were recorded from the SCMs of 20 normal volunteers and from 12 patients with well-defined lesions of the middle or inner ear or the VIIIth cranial nerve. The subjects, who had various labyrinthine and retro-labyrinthine pathologies, included five patients with bilateral profound conductive hearing loss, two with bilateral acoustic neuroma post-total neurectomy and five with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Air- and bone-conducted evoked myogenic potentials in response to clicks and STBs were recorded with surface electrodes over each SCM of each subject. In normal subjects, bone- and air-conducted clicks and STBs evoked biphasic responses from the SCM ipsilateral to the stimulated ear. The bone-conducted clicks evoked short-latency vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) responses only in young subjects or in subjects with conductive hearing loss. STBs evoked VEMPs with higher amplitude and better waveform morphology than clicks with the same acoustic intensity. Patients with total VIIIth cranial nerve neurectomy showed no responses to air- or bone-conducted click or STB stimuli. Clear VEMP responses were evoked from patients with conductive or sensorineural hearing loss. It is concluded that loud auditory stimuli delivered by bone- as well as air conduction can evoke myogenic potentials from the SCM. These responses seem to be of vestibular origin.
本研究的目的是表明骨传导咔嗒声和短纯音猝发声（STB）可诱发胸锁乳突肌（SCM）的肌源性电位，且这些反应起源于前庭。从20名正常志愿者以及12名患有明确的中耳、内耳或第八颅神经病变的患者的胸锁乳突肌记录了对骨传导听觉刺激的诱发电位反应。这些受试者患有各种迷路和迷路后病变，包括5名双侧严重传导性听力损失患者、2名双侧听神经瘤全切术后患者以及5名双侧感音神经性听力损失患者。使用表面电极在每个受试者的每侧胸锁乳突肌上记录对咔嗒声和STB的气导和骨导诱发肌源性电位。在正常受试者中，骨导和气导咔嗒声及STB均诱发了来自受刺激耳同侧胸锁乳突肌的双相反应。骨传导咔嗒声仅在年轻受试者或传导性听力损失受试者中诱发了短潜伏期前庭诱发肌源性电位（VEMP）反应。与相同声强的咔嗒声相比，STB诱发的VEMP具有更高的幅度和更好的波形形态。第八颅神经全切术患者对气导或骨导咔嗒声或STB刺激无反应。传导性或感音神经性听力损失患者诱发了清晰的VEMP反应。结论是，骨传导和气传导传递的大声听觉刺激均可诱发胸锁乳突肌的肌源性电位。这些反应似乎起源于前庭。
