Walter R, Hartmann K, Pool V, Gargiullo P, Kuhn M
Departement für Innere Medizin, Universitätsspital Zürich.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 2000 Nov 4;130(44):1685-8.
Varicella zoster and herpes simplex viruses cause latent infections by persisting in human cells. Reactivation has been associated with increasing age, immunosuppression, cancer, stress, fever, exposure to ultraviolet light, and tissue damage. Based on three cases reported to the Swiss Drug Monitoring Centre SANZ, we postulated previously that vaccinations may trigger reactivation of herpes virus infections due to vaccine-induced immunomodulation. In the meantime, 10 new cases of reactivated herpes virus infections soon after vaccinations have been reported. They involved 5 women and 5 men with an age range between 16 and 60. In only one case had a trauma preceded, otherwise healthy subjects with no known relevant comorbidity were vaccinated. The clustering of reports after publication points to a previous underreporting of similar cases. This may be explained by the fact that both vaccinations and reactivations of herpes virus infections are frequent, and a causal link is not suspected. However, these new cases do not prove causality, and extensive epidemiological or experimental studies are needed to elucidate the possible link between vaccination and reactivation of herpes virus infections.
水痘带状疱疹病毒和单纯疱疹病毒通过在人体细胞中持续存在而引起潜伏感染。病毒再激活与年龄增长、免疫抑制、癌症、压力、发热、紫外线照射及组织损伤有关。根据向瑞士药物监测中心SANZ报告的3例病例，我们之前推测接种疫苗可能由于疫苗诱导的免疫调节作用而引发疱疹病毒感染的再激活。与此同时，又报告了10例接种疫苗后不久发生疱疹病毒感染再激活的新病例。这些病例包括5名女性和5名男性，年龄在16至60岁之间。只有1例在接种疫苗前有过外伤史，其他接种疫苗的均为健康受试者，无已知相关合并症。报告发表后的聚集现象表明之前类似病例报告不足。这可能是因为接种疫苗和疱疹病毒感染再激活都很常见，且未怀疑存在因果关系。然而，这些新病例并不能证明存在因果关系，需要进行广泛的流行病学或实验研究以阐明接种疫苗与疱疹病毒感染再激活之间可能存在的联系。
