Murphy T K, Bengtson M A, Tan J Y, Carbonell E, Levin G M
University of Florida, College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Gainesville, USA.
Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2000 Aug;15 Suppl 2:S47-63. doi: 10.1097/00004850-200008002-00008.
Anxiety disorders (obsessive-compulsive disorder, social phobia/selective mutism, panic disorder, separation anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder, simple phobia and post-traumatic stress disorder) are the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)--citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine and sertraline--have demonstrated efficacy in treating anxiety disorders in adults. Although less information is available on the use of these agents in the paediatric population, research into the SSRIs for childhood anxiety disorders is increasing. This article reviews current literature, including case reports as well as open and controlled trials, on the effectiveness and tolerability of the SSRIs in the paediatric population. It also discusses developmental differences in children that should be considered in the utilisation of the SSRIs in paediatric patients.
焦虑症（强迫症、社交恐惧症/选择性缄默症、惊恐障碍、分离焦虑症、广泛性焦虑症、单纯恐惧症和创伤后应激障碍）是儿童和青少年中最常见的精神障碍。选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRI）——西酞普兰、氟西汀、氟伏沙明、帕罗西汀和舍曲林——已证明对治疗成人焦虑症有效。虽然关于这些药物在儿科人群中的使用信息较少，但针对儿童焦虑症使用SSRI的研究正在增加。本文回顾了关于SSRI在儿科人群中的有效性和耐受性的现有文献，包括病例报告以及开放试验和对照试验。还讨论了在儿科患者中使用SSRI时应考虑的儿童发育差异。
