Zhang S, Mizutani A, Srinivasan M V
Centre for Visual Science, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.
Learn Mem. 2000 Nov-Dec;7(6):363-74. doi: 10.1101/lm.32900.
We investigated the ability of honeybees to learn mazes of four types: constant-turn mazes, in which the appropriate turn is always in the same direction in each decision chamber; zig-zag mazes, in which the appropriate turn is alternately left and right in successive decision chambers; irregular mazes, in which there is no readily apparent pattern to the turns; and variable irregular mazes, in which the bees were trained to learn several irregular mazes simultaneously. The bees were able to learn to navigate all four types of maze. Performance was best in the constant-turn mazes, somewhat poorer in the zig-zag mazes, poorer still in the irregular mazes, and poorest in the variable irregular mazes. These results demonstrate that bees do not navigate such mazes simply by memorizing the entire sequence of appropriate turns. Rather, performance in the various configurations depends on the existence of regularity in the structure of the maze and on the ease with which this regularity is recognized and learned.
恒定转向迷宫，即在每个决策室中正确的转向始终是同一个方向；之字形迷宫，即在连续的决策室中正确的转向交替为左和右；不规则迷宫，即转向没有明显的模式；以及可变不规则迷宫，即训练蜜蜂同时学习几种不规则迷宫。蜜蜂能够学会在所有四种类型的迷宫中导航。在恒定转向迷宫中的表现最佳，在之字形迷宫中稍差，在不规则迷宫中更差，而在可变不规则迷宫中最差。这些结果表明，蜜蜂并非仅仅通过记住整个正确转向序列来在这类迷宫中导航。相反，在各种布局中的表现取决于迷宫结构中规则性的存在，以及这种规则性被识别和学习的难易程度。
