Hiltunen A J, Saxon L, Skagerberg S, Borg S
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institute, S-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
Alcohol. 2000 Oct;22(2):69-74. doi: 10.1016/s0741-8329(00)00107-5.
Although acute tolerance (AT) to alcohol has been demonstrated in many single-dose studies, the existence of AT at steady state concentrations of alcohol has been questioned. In the present study, six subjects were examined as (1) 7.5% alcohol or (2) placebo was administered intravenously (IV). The order of the infusions was randomized. The alcohol infusions were designed to result in similar blood alcohol concentrations at 20, 60, and 140 min (approximately 0. 7 per thousand). At 20 min, the concentrations were rising; the steady state (+/-0.10 per thousand) was reached after 60 min and continued until 140 min. Three reaction time (RT) tests from the automated psychological test system were used (simple RT, two-choice RT, and two-choice RT with auditory inhibition). When the performance of the subjects was compared at rising and steady-state concentrations of alcohol, AT was shown for the most complex task requiring parallel processing, i.e., RT with failed inhibition, test. However, at steady state (i.e., 60 vs. 140 min), AT was not found for any of the tests. Further, the analysis showed that the test results of different individuals were related to their estimated normal alcohol consumption and that these differences presumably influenced the test results in accordance with our earlier findings.
尽管在许多单剂量研究中已证实对酒精存在急性耐受性（AT），但酒精稳态浓度下AT的存在一直受到质疑。在本研究中，对6名受试者进行了检查，静脉注射（IV）给予（1）7.5%酒精或（2）安慰剂。输注顺序是随机的。酒精输注旨在使20、60和140分钟时的血酒精浓度相似（约0.7‰）。20分钟时，浓度在上升；60分钟后达到稳态（±0.10‰）并持续至140分钟。使用了自动心理测试系统的三项反应时间（RT）测试（简单RT、二选一RT和有听觉抑制的二选一RT）。当比较受试者在酒精浓度上升和稳态时的表现时，对于最复杂的需要并行处理的任务，即抑制失败的RT测试，显示出急性耐受性。然而，在稳态时（即60分钟与140分钟相比），任何测试均未发现急性耐受性。此外，分析表明，不同个体的测试结果与他们估计的正常酒精消费量有关，并且这些差异可能根据我们早期的研究结果影响了测试结果。
