Gengo F M, Gabos C, Straley C, Manning C
Neuropharmacology Division, Dent Neurologic Institute, Buffalo, New York.
J Clin Pharmacol. 1990 Aug;30(8):748-54. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1990.tb03638.x.
The objective and subjective effects produced by increasing and decreasing ethanol concentrations were studied in healthy volunteers on three separate occasions. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-way crossover study was used to determine whether there is any disparity between the time course of blood ethanol concentration and its effects on either objective test performance or self rated impairment. On each study day the subjects received one of four treatments consisting of either placebo or sufficient alcohol to achieve peak estimated blood alcohol concentration (Est.BAC) of 0.07 gm/dL, 0.1 gm/dL or 0.14 gm/dL. Est.BAC determined from breath alcohol concentrations were measured 20 minutes after each "dose" until peak Est.BAC was achieved, then 1, 2, 3.5, and 4.5 hours after peak Est.BAC. Digit symbol substitution (DSS), simulated driving reaction time (SDRT), choice reaction time (CRT) and self assessment of impairment (SRI) were measured simultaneously with Est.BAC. Changes in objective performance test scores were well correlated with Est.BAC (r2 = 0.60 P less than .01). Maximum impairment in test performance occurred at the same time as peak Est.BAC. Threshold Est.BAC needed to produce changes in objective test scores greater than placebo were 0.06 +/- 0.01 for DSS, 0.04 +/- 0.01 for SDRT, and 0.04 +/- 0.02 for CRT. There was no evidence of between dose or within dose tolerance to the effects produced by various Est.BAC on any of these performance tests. Subjects' self rated degrees of impairment at various Est.BAC were influenced by whether alcohol concentrations were rising or falling. Subjective impairment ratings were greater while alcohol concentrations were increasing compared to the same Est.BAC occurring during falling alcohol concentrations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在三个不同的场合，对健康志愿者增加和降低乙醇浓度所产生的客观和主观效应进行了研究。采用随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、四交叉研究，以确定血液乙醇浓度的时间进程与其对客观测试表现或自我评定的损伤之间是否存在差异。在每个研究日，受试者接受四种治疗之一，包括安慰剂或足量酒精，以使估计血酒精浓度（Est.BAC）峰值达到0.07克/分升、0.1克/分升或0.14克/分升。每次“给药”后20分钟测量呼气酒精浓度以确定Est.BAC，直至达到Est.BAC峰值，然后在Est.BAC峰值后1、2、3.5和4.5小时测量。同时测量数字符号替换（DSS）、模拟驾驶反应时间（SDRT）、选择反应时间（CRT）和损伤自我评估（SRI）与Est.BAC。客观表现测试分数的变化与Est.BAC密切相关（r2 = 0.60，P小于0.01）。测试表现的最大损伤与Est.BAC峰值同时出现。产生大于安慰剂的客观测试分数变化所需的阈值Est.BAC，DSS为0.06±0.01，SDRT为0.04±0.01，CRT为0.04±0.02。没有证据表明不同Est.BAC对这些性能测试产生的效应存在剂量间或剂量内耐受性。受试者在不同Est.BAC下自我评定的损伤程度受酒精浓度是上升还是下降的影响。与酒精浓度下降期间相同的Est.BAC相比，酒精浓度上升时主观损伤评级更高。（摘要截断于250字）
