Diet F, Erdmann E
Klinik III für Innere Medizin, Universität zu Köln, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9, 50924 Köln, Germany.
Eur J Heart Fail. 2000 Dec;2(4):355-63. doi: 10.1016/s1388-9842(00)00126-4.
The risk of thromboembolic complications in patients with heart failure and/or chronic left-ventricular systolic dysfunction is increased. Nevertheless, anticoagulant therapy in these patients is still a subject of debate. Atrial fibrillation is the only prospectively evaluated, proven thromboembolic risk factor and patients with atrial fibrillation benefit from long term anticoagulant therapy. The significance of other proposed thromboembolic risk factors in heart failure and/or chronic left-ventricular dysfunction such as gender, cause of myocardial disease, severity of heart failure, left-ventricular ejection fraction, left-ventricular thrombus, left ventricular aneurysm and history of previous thromboembolic event is less clear. This article summarizes key studies, assesses the incidence of thromboembolism, evaluates risk factors and proposes guidelines for anticoagulation of patients with heart failure and/or left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
