Hare R D, Clark D, Grann M, Thornton D
Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Behav Sci Law. 2000;18(5):623-45. doi: 10.1002/1099-0798(200010)18:5<623::aid-bsl409>3.0.co;2-w.
Its controversial past notwithstanding, psychopathy has emerged as one of the most important clinical constructs in the criminal justice and mental health systems. One reason for the surge in theoretical and applied interest in the disorder is the development and widespread adoption of reliable and valid methods for its measurement. The Hare PCL-R provides researchers and clinicians with a common metric for the assessment of psychopathy, and has led to a surge in replicable and meaningful findings relevant to the issue of risk for recidivism and violence, among other things. Most of the research thus far has been based on North American samples of offenders and forensic psychiatric patients. We summarize this research and compare it with findings from several other countries, including England and Sweden. We conclude that the ability of the PCL-R to predict recidivism, violence, and treatment outcome has considerable cross-cultural generalizability, and that the PCL-R and its derivatives play a major role in the understanding and prediction of crime and violence.
尽管有着颇具争议的过去，但精神病态已成为刑事司法和心理健康系统中最重要的临床概念之一。对该病症的理论和应用兴趣激增的一个原因是其测量方法的可靠和有效且得到广泛采用。哈雷精神病态量表修订版（PCL-R）为研究人员和临床医生提供了一个评估精神病态的通用指标，并带来了大量与累犯和暴力风险等问题相关的可重复且有意义的研究结果。迄今为止，大多数研究都基于北美地区的罪犯样本和法医精神病患者样本。我们总结了这项研究，并将其与包括英国和瑞典在内的其他几个国家的研究结果进行比较。我们得出结论，PCL-R预测累犯、暴力和治疗结果的能力具有相当大的跨文化普遍性，并且PCL-R及其衍生工具在理解和预测犯罪及暴力方面发挥着重要作用。
