Marras W S, Jorgensen M J, Granata K P, Wiand B
Biodynamics Laboratory, IWSE Department, The Ohio State University, Rm 210, 1971 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2001 Jan;16(1):38-46. doi: 10.1016/s0268-0033(00)00046-2.
Develop a gender specific database of trunk muscle cross-sectional areas across multiple levels of the thoracic and lumbar spine and develop prediction equations for the physiological cross-sectional area as a function of gender and anthropometry.
This study quantified trunk muscle cross-sectional areas of male and female spine loading muscles.
There is a lack of comprehensive data regarding the female spine loading muscle size. Although biomechanical models often assume females are the same as males, little is known regarding gender differences in terms of trunk muscle areas and no data exist regarding the prediction of trunk muscle physiological cross-sectional areas from commonly used external anthropometric measures.
Magnetic resonance imaging scans through the vertebral bodies from T(8) through S(1) were performed on 20 females and 10 males. Muscle fiber angle corrected cross-sectional areas were recorded at each vertebral level. Linear regression techniques taking into account anthropometric measures were utilized to develop prediction equations for the physiological cross-sectional area for each muscle of interest, as well as tests for differences in cross-sectional areas due to gender and side of the body.
Significant gender differences were observed for the prediction of the erector spinae, internal and external obliques, psoas major and quadratus lumborum physiological cross-sectional areas. Anthropometric measures about the xyphoid process and combinations of height and weight resulted in better predictions of cross-sectional areas than when using traditional anthropometry.
This study demonstrates that the trunk muscle geometry of females and males are different, and that these differences should be considered in the development of biomechanical models of the torso. Relevance. The prediction of physiological cross-sectional areas from external anthropometric measures provide gender specific equations to assist in estimation of forces of muscles which load the spine for biomechanical purposes.
建立一个针对胸腰椎多个节段躯干肌肉横截面积的性别特异性数据库，并开发根据性别和人体测量学预测生理横截面积的方程。
本研究对男性和女性脊柱负荷肌肉的躯干肌肉横截面积进行了量化。
关于女性脊柱负荷肌肉大小，缺乏全面的数据。尽管生物力学模型通常假定女性与男性相同，但对于躯干肌肉面积方面的性别差异知之甚少，且尚无关于根据常用外部人体测量指标预测躯干肌肉生理横截面积的数据。
对20名女性和10名男性进行了从T（8）至S（1）椎体的磁共振成像扫描。记录每个椎体水平经肌肉纤维角度校正后的横截面积。利用考虑人体测量指标的线性回归技术，为每块感兴趣的肌肉建立生理横截面积的预测方程，以及检验横截面积因性别和身体侧别而产生的差异。
在竖脊肌、腹内斜肌、腹外斜肌、腰大肌和腰方肌生理横截面积的预测方面，观察到显著的性别差异。与使用传统人体测量法相比，关于剑突的人体测量指标以及身高与体重的组合能更好地预测横截面积。
本研究表明，男性和女性的躯干肌肉几何结构不同，在开发躯干生物力学模型时应考虑这些差异。相关性：根据外部人体测量指标预测生理横截面积可提供性别特异性方程，以协助估计为生物力学目的而对脊柱施加负荷的肌肉力量。
