There is evidence for the value of the following tests in the diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis of myelomatosis: (1) serum paraprotein measurements, (2) urine paraprotein (including Bence Jones) measurements, (3) serum ablumin, (4) serum urea, (5) proteins in the urine other than those in 2, and (6) hemoglobin level. During treatment, increased rate of rise in 1 or 2, disproportionate increase in 2, emergence of related paraprotein, loss of 1 or 2 with reticulosarcomatous change, and monocytic leukemia suggest that more malignant subclones can emerge from the original myeloma clone, possibly due to drugs acting on DNA.
有证据表明以下检查对于骨髓瘤的诊断、监测及预后评估具有价值:(1)血清副蛋白测定;(2)尿副蛋白(包括本-周蛋白)测定;(3)血清白蛋白;(4)血清尿素;(5)除(2)中所述之外的尿蛋白;(6)血红蛋白水平。在治疗期间,(1)或(2)的上升速率增加、(2)不成比例地增加、出现相关副蛋白、(1)或(2)随着网状细胞肉瘤样改变而消失以及单核细胞白血病提示可能有更多恶性亚克隆从原始骨髓瘤克隆中产生,这可能是由于药物作用于DNA所致。