McKinley B P, Michalek A M, Fenstermaker R A, Plunkett R J
Department of Educational Affairs and Neurosurgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, State University of New York at Buffalo, 14263, USA.
J Neurosurg. 2000 Dec;93(6):932-9. doi: 10.3171/jns.2000.93.6.0932.
In this study the authors describe secular trends in the incidence of three glial tumors--glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), astrocytoma not otherwise specified (ANOS), and anaplastic astrocytoma (AA)--in New York state from 1976 through 1995. They also describe the effect of age and sex on the relative risk (RR) for these tumors, specifically GBM.
Crude, age-, and sex-specific incidence rates were calculated for each tumor type from 1976 to 1995 by using data from the New York State Cancer Registry. Age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated by the direct standardization procedure, in which the 1970 United States Census Population Standard Million is used. The RR of GBM for the female population was calculated and plotted. Statistical comparisons were made using Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression analysis with the coefficient of variation.
The age-adjusted incidence of these three glial tumors increased during the study period. Increases in age-specific incidence of GBM were primarily limited to patients 60 years of age or older. The reasons for these increases cannot be fully explained with the data. Those in the female population had a lower risk of developing these tumors than those in the male. For GBM, the protective effect of sex was first evident at the approximate age of menarche, was greatest at the approximate age of menopause, and decreased in postmenopausal age strata. The overall protective effect of female sex and the described trend in RR for GBM in the female population suggests that sex hormones and/or genetic differences between males and females may play a role in the pathogenesis of this tumor.
在本研究中，作者描述了1976年至1995年纽约州三种胶质细胞瘤——多形性胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）、未另行指定的星形细胞瘤（ANOS）和间变性星形细胞瘤（AA）的发病率长期趋势。他们还描述了年龄和性别对这些肿瘤，特别是GBM相对风险（RR）的影响。
利用纽约州癌症登记处的数据，计算了1976年至1995年每种肿瘤类型的粗发病率、年龄别发病率和性别别发病率。年龄调整发病率通过直接标准化程序计算，其中使用1970年美国人口普查标准百万人口。计算并绘制了女性人群GBM的RR。使用Pearson相关系数和变异系数进行回归分析进行统计比较。
在研究期间，这三种胶质细胞瘤的年龄调整发病率有所增加。GBM年龄别发病率的增加主要限于60岁及以上的患者。这些增加的原因无法用现有数据完全解释。女性人群患这些肿瘤的风险低于男性。对于GBM，性别保护作用在初潮年龄左右首次显现，在绝经年龄左右最大，在绝经后年龄组中降低。女性的总体保护作用以及女性人群中GBM的RR趋势表明，性激素和/或男女之间的遗传差异可能在该肿瘤的发病机制中起作用。
