Department of Biology (Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology), University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106 USA; Department of Biology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 USA; and.
Am J Bot. 2000 Dec;87(12):1915-36.
Floral development was compared with scanning electron microscopy in 12 Australian species of Hibbertia representing most of its morphological variation, and in the related Adrastaea (Dilleniaceae). Calyx and corolla arise in quincuncial helices in radially symmetrical species, while the petals initiate unidirectionally from one side in zygomorphic species. Stamen number (3-200+) proliferates by centrifugal addition of individual primordia or by innovations of common primordia and ring meristems. Common primordia arise in single-stamen positions alternately with petals, and each produces one to several stamens centrifugally that remain attached to a shared base and form a stamen fascicle. A ring meristem in Adrastaea initiates a whorl of five stamens, alternate with the first stamens but outside their whorl. In radially symmetrical species of Hibbertia, a first ring of stamens is supplemented centrifugally by additional stamens on a meristem ring. The first stamens in zygomorphic species of Hibbertia initiate as a terminal ridge on the floral apex, with subsequent stamens added centrifugally on one side and two carpels initiated on the opposite side. The carpels arise as a simultaneous ring in radially symmetrical flowers, or as a simultaneous pair in zygomorphic species. Staminodial presence is viewed as of minor significance. Four pollinator syndromes are proposed for Hibbertia, related to differing floral architecture.
在 12 种澳大利亚 Hibbertia 物种中比较了花的发育和扫描电子显微镜，这些物种代表了其大部分形态变异，以及相关的 Adrastaea（Dilleniaceae）。在辐射对称的物种中，花萼和花瓣以五轮方式螺旋上升，而在左右对称的物种中，花瓣从一侧单向起始。雄蕊数目（3-200+）通过个体原基的离心添加或共同原基和轮生分生组织的创新而增殖。共同原基在单雄蕊位置交替出现与花瓣，每个原基产生一个到几个雄蕊离心地附着在一个共享的基部上，并形成一个雄蕊束。Adrastaea 的一个轮生分生组织起始五个雄蕊的一轮，与第一轮雄蕊交替，但在它们的轮之外。在 Hibbertia 的辐射对称物种中，第一轮雄蕊通过分生组织轮上的额外雄蕊离心补充。在 Hibbertia 的左右对称物种中，第一轮雄蕊作为花顶端的末端脊起始，随后在一侧添加离心的雄蕊，并且在相对的一侧起始两个心皮。心皮在辐射对称的花中作为一个同时的环出现，或在左右对称的物种中作为一个同时的对出现。副萼的存在被认为意义不大。为 Hibbertia 提出了四个传粉者综合征，与不同的花结构有关。
