Gál Z, Szabó D, Kovács P, Hernádi F, Tóth-Martinez B, Rozgonyi F
Department of Pharmacology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2000 Dec;16(4):395-400. doi: 10.1016/s0924-8579(00)00190-4.
Of more than 3500 isolates of enterobacteriaceae, 48-69% were resistant to aminopenicillins and 11-45% to amoxycillin+clavulanic acid. Resistance to second and third generation cephalosporins was present in 11-17 and 3-8% of Escherichia coli, 47-56 and 15-52% of Klebsiella-Enterobacter, 36-57 and 16-27% of Proteus, Providencia and Morganella isolates. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains varied in their resistance to antipseudomonal beta-lactams. Isoelectric points, inhibitor profiles and substrate profiles of beta-lactamases extracted from representatives of the resistant strains indicated that the resistance was mainly due to the hyperproduction of chromosomally encoded AmpC beta-lactamases. This was confirmed by plasmid profile and PCR investigations. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and metallo-penicillinase producing strains were not found. One Pseudomonas maltophilia strain produced an oxacillinase.
在3500多株肠杆菌科细菌分离株中，48% - 69%对氨基青霉素耐药，11% - 45%对阿莫西林+克拉维酸耐药。11% - 17%的大肠杆菌、47% - 56%的克雷伯菌属 - 肠杆菌属、36% - 57%的变形杆菌属、普罗威登斯菌属和摩根菌属分离株对第二代和第三代头孢菌素耐药，比例分别为3% - 8%、15% - 52%、16% - 27%。铜绿假单胞菌菌株对抗假单胞菌β - 内酰胺类药物的耐药性各不相同。从耐药菌株代表中提取的β - 内酰胺酶的等电点、抑制剂谱和底物谱表明，耐药主要是由于染色体编码的AmpCβ - 内酰胺酶过度产生。这通过质粒图谱和PCR研究得到证实。未发现产超广谱β - 内酰胺酶和金属青霉素酶的菌株。一株嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌产生了一种苯唑西林酶。
