Remschmidt H, Hennighausen K, Clement H W, Heiser P, Schulz E
Dept of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000;9 Suppl 1:I9-19. doi: 10.1007/s007870070015.
Atypical neuroleptics have enriched our treatment programmes, especially in childhood and adolescent schizophrenia. This article reviews the use of atypical neuroleptics in children and adolescents with schizophrenic disorder. It considers the receptor binding profile and pharmacological properties, indications, side effects, clinical applications and trials of atypical neuroleptics in comparison to the classical neuroleptic haloperidol in adolescent schizophrenia. Special emphasis is placed on the most common atypical neuroleptics clozapine, olanzapine and risperidone since most studies are carried out with these compounds, especially with clozapine. More clinically controlled trials have to be conducted since only one was performed so far. The place of the atypical neuroleptics is discussed and further studies are necessary in order to differentiate the indications tested so far and to find out if the spectrum of indications can be broadened.
非典型抗精神病药物丰富了我们的治疗方案，尤其是在儿童和青少年精神分裂症的治疗中。本文综述了非典型抗精神病药物在患有精神分裂症的儿童和青少年中的应用。文中比较了非典型抗精神病药物与经典抗精神病药物氟哌啶醇在青少年精神分裂症中的受体结合情况、药理特性、适应症、副作用、临床应用及试验情况。特别强调了最常用的非典型抗精神病药物氯氮平、奥氮平和利培酮，因为大多数研究都是针对这些药物进行的，尤其是氯氮平。由于目前仅进行了一项临床对照试验，因此还需要开展更多的临床试验。文中讨论了非典型抗精神病药物的地位，并且有必要进行进一步研究，以区分目前已测试的适应症，并查明适应症范围是否能够扩大。
