Bruner A G, Gullison R E, Rice R E, da Fonseca G A
Center for Applied Biodiversity Science at Conservation International, 2501 M Street, NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Science. 2001 Jan 5;291(5501):125-8. doi: 10.1126/science.291.5501.125.
We assessed the impacts of anthropogenic threats on 93 protected areas in 22 tropical countries to test the hypothesis that parks are an effective means to protect tropical biodiversity. We found that the majority of parks are successful at stopping land clearing, and to a lesser degree effective at mitigating logging, hunting, fire, and grazing. Park effectiveness correlates with basic management activities such as enforcement, boundary demarcation, and direct compensation to local communities, suggesting that even modest increases in funding would directly increase the ability of parks to protect tropical biodiversity.
我们评估了人为威胁对22个热带国家93个保护区的影响，以检验公园是保护热带生物多样性的有效手段这一假设。我们发现，大多数公园在阻止土地开垦方面取得了成功，在减轻伐木、狩猎、火灾和放牧影响方面的成效较小。公园的有效性与执法、边界划定和对当地社区的直接补偿等基本管理活动相关，这表明即使资金略有增加也将直接提高公园保护热带生物多样性的能力。
