Healey J, Seger J, Picard R
MIT Media Laboratory, 20 Ames St., Cambridge, MA 01239, USA.
Biomed Sci Instrum. 1999;35:193-8.
A system for quantifying the physiological features of emotional stress is being developed for use during a driving task. Two prototypes, using sensors that measure the driver's skin conductance, respiration, muscle activity, and heart activity are presented. The first system allows sampling rates of 200 Hz on two fast channels and 20 Hz on six additional channels. It uses a wearable computer to do real-time processing on the signals and has an attached digital camera which was used to capture images of the driver's facial expression once every minute. The second system uses a car-based computer that allows a sampling rate of 1984 samples per second on eight channels. This system uses multiple video cameras to continuously capture the driver's facial expression and road conditions. The data is then synchronized with the physiological signals using a video quad-splitter. The methods for extracting physiological features in the driving environment are discussed, including measurement of the skin conductance orienting response, muscle activity, pulse, and respiration patterns. Preliminary studies show how using multiple modalities of sensors can help discriminate reactions to driving events and how individual's response to similar driving conditions can vary from day to day.
一种用于量化情绪应激生理特征的系统正在开发中，以便在驾驶任务期间使用。文中展示了两个原型，它们使用传感器来测量驾驶员的皮肤电导率、呼吸、肌肉活动和心脏活动。第一个系统在两个快速通道上允许200Hz的采样率，在另外六个通道上允许20Hz的采样率。它使用一台可穿戴计算机对信号进行实时处理，并配有一台数码相机，每分钟用于捕捉驾驶员面部表情的图像一次。第二个系统使用基于汽车的计算机，在八个通道上允许每秒1984个样本的采样率。该系统使用多个摄像机连续捕捉驾驶员的面部表情和道路状况。然后使用视频四分分离器将数据与生理信号同步。文中讨论了在驾驶环境中提取生理特征的方法，包括皮肤电导率定向反应、肌肉活动、脉搏和呼吸模式的测量。初步研究表明，使用多种传感器模式如何有助于区分对驾驶事件的反应，以及个体对类似驾驶条件的反应如何随时间变化。
