Clark K L, Li Y, Krauss M R, Kelley P W
Allied Technology Group, Rockville, MD, USA.
Mil Med. 2000 Nov;165(11):852-4.
Asthma has a significant impact on U.S. military expenditures and readiness. Every year approximately 1,000 recruits are discharged for asthma during their first 6 months of service. This study was done to evaluate the practice of allowing some individuals with a history of asthma to enter military service (waiving). A survival analysis was performed to compare length of time until discharge and asthma-related failure for individuals waived for asthma (cases) and individuals not disqualified for asthma (controls). Cases were 587 recruit applicants initially disqualified who received waivers for asthma and accessed in the years 1995 to 1997. Controls were 1,761 matched enlisted recruits starting basic training in those years. No significant differences were found with respect to general attrition. The statistical differences for asthma-related hospitalization or discharge did not translate into practical differences. Waiving for asthma was not a significant occupational liability in terms of asthma-related hospitalization or early military attrition.
哮喘对美国军事开支和战备状态有重大影响。每年约有1000名新兵在服役的前6个月因哮喘被遣返。本研究旨在评估允许一些有哮喘病史的人入伍（豁免）的做法。进行了生存分析，以比较因哮喘获得豁免的个体（病例）和未因哮喘被取消资格的个体（对照）直至遣返和哮喘相关失能的时间长度。病例为1995年至1997年期间最初因哮喘被取消资格但获得豁免的587名新兵申请人。对照为同期开始基础训练的1761名匹配的现役新兵。在一般减员方面未发现显著差异。与哮喘相关的住院或遣返的统计差异并未转化为实际差异。就与哮喘相关的住院或早期军事减员而言，哮喘豁免并非重大职业责任。
