Krauss Margot R, Russell Robert K, Powers Timothy E, Li Yuanzhang
Division of Preventive Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
Mil Med. 2006 Feb;171(2):99-102. doi: 10.7205/milmed.171.2.99.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the Department of Defense practice of allowing some individuals with a history of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to enter military service (waiving for ADHD). Enlisted recruits who entered active duty with a waiver for academic problems related to ADHD were compared with control subjects who did not reveal health problems before entry, in terms of retention, promotion, and mental health-related outcomes. A total of 539 recruits with a history of ADHD were retained at the same rate as 1,617 control subjects, with no differences in promotion rates, comorbid diagnoses, or mental health-related discharges. On the basis of these findings, the Department of Defense medical accession standards have been changed to allow applicants who reveal a history of ADHD but did not require medication to finish high school or to hold a job for at least 1 year the opportunity to enter active duty without going through the current waiver process.
开展了一项回顾性队列研究，以评估美国国防部允许一些有注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）病史的人入伍服役（ADHD豁免）的做法。将因与ADHD相关的学业问题获得豁免而进入现役的应征新兵，与入伍前未发现健康问题的对照对象在留队、晋升和心理健康相关结果方面进行比较。共有539名有ADHD病史的新兵与1617名对照对象的留队率相同，在晋升率、共病诊断或与心理健康相关的退役方面没有差异。基于这些发现，美国国防部的医疗入伍标准已做出改变，允许那些有ADHD病史但在高中毕业或工作至少1年期间无需药物治疗的申请人，有机会在不经过当前豁免程序的情况下进入现役。
