Fallon M, Trehub S E, Schneider B A
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2000 Dec;108(6):3023-9. doi: 10.1121/1.1323233.
Children 5, 9, and 11 years of age and young adults attempted to identify the final word of sentences recorded by a female speaker. The sentences were presented in two levels of multitalker babble, and participants responded by selecting one of four pictures. In a low-noise condition, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was adjusted for each age group to yield 85% correct performance. In a high-noise condition, the SNR was set 7 dB lower than the low-noise condition. Although children required more favorable SNRs than adults to achieve comparable performance in low noise, an equivalent decrease in SNR had comparable consequences for all age groups. Thus age-related differences on this task can be attributed primarily to sensory factors.
5岁、9岁、11岁的儿童以及年轻人尝试识别由一位女性说话者录制的句子的最后一个单词。句子以两种多说话者嘈杂声水平呈现，参与者通过选择四张图片之一进行回应。在低噪声条件下，针对每个年龄组调整信噪比（SNR）以产生85%的正确表现。在高噪声条件下，SNR设置为比低噪声条件低7分贝。尽管在低噪声环境中，儿童比成年人需要更有利的SNR才能达到可比的表现，但SNR的同等降低对所有年龄组都有可比的影响。因此，这项任务中与年龄相关的差异主要可归因于感官因素。
