Oncevski A, Dejanov P, Gerasimovska V, Cakalaroski K, Ivanovski N, Popov Z
Centre hospitalier universitaire, clinique de néphrologie, Skopje, République de Macédoine.
Ann Urol (Paris). 2000 Oct;34(5):345-51.
From 1976 to 1999 a total of 8,849 surgical procedures for vascular access prior to dialysis were performed in the Department of nephrology at Skopje hospital (Macedonia). Cases included 3,114 native arteriovenous fistula (AVF), 715 arteriovenous shunts and 4,964 temporary or indwelling catheters (4,411 (88.86%) in the femoral vein, 410 (8.26%) in the subclavian vein, 143 (2.88%) in the jugular vein and 56 PTFE vascular grafts). Femoral catheterization is the favoured solution for repeated dialysis (90.50% of the 3,440 procedures for indwelling vascular access). Subcutaneous indwelling catheters were used in 270 (7.90%) cases, with vascular access taking place in either the femoral (99 cases), subclavian (123 cases) or jugular vein (48 cases). Biosynthetic vascular grafts represent only 1.6% of all procedures for vascular access. The number of preventive AVFs has been increasing steadily from 14% in the 1980s to 20.8% in the 1990s and 31.50% in 1999. The majority of preventive AVFs (71.80%) and a large number of other surgical procedures for vascular access (44.40%) are performed in day hospital.
1976年至1999年期间，斯科普里医院（马其顿）肾病科共进行了8849例透析前血管通路手术。病例包括3114例自体动静脉内瘘（AVF）、715例动静脉分流术和4964例临时或留置导管（4411例（88.86%）位于股静脉，410例（8.26%）位于锁骨下静脉，143例（2.88%）位于颈静脉，56例聚四氟乙烯血管移植物）。股静脉置管是重复透析的首选方法（在3440例留置血管通路手术中占90.50%）。270例（7.90%）使用了皮下留置导管，血管通路位于股静脉（99例）、锁骨下静脉（123例）或颈静脉（48例）。生物合成血管移植物仅占所有血管通路手术的1.6%。预防性AVF的数量从20世纪80年代的14%稳步增加到90年代的20.8%，1999年为31.50%。大多数预防性AVF（71.80%）和大量其他血管通路手术（44.40%）在日间医院进行。
