Möller-Leimkühler A M
Psychiatrische Klinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2000 Nov;68(11):489-95. doi: 10.1055/s-2000-10030.
As epidemiological data concerning gender-related help-seeking behaviour indicate, consultation rate and help-seeking by men is consistently lower, especially in the case of emotional problems and depressive symptoms. There is empirical evidence that the poor treatment rate of men cannot be explained by a better health but must be attributed to a discrepancy of need and help-seeking behaviour. Social change and epidemiological trends in depression point to the male gender-role being an important factor of increasing rates among young men as well as an important determinant of help-seeking behaviour. It is argued that social norms of traditional masculinity make help-seeking more difficult because of the inhibition of expressiveness affecting symptom perception and symptomatology of depression. Besides these predisposing factors of male help-seeking other medical and social factors are mentioned producing further barriers to help-seeking. Further research is needed to investigate the question whether changing masculinity implies gender-role conflict or positive health effects.
正如有关性别相关求助行为的流行病学数据所示，男性的咨询率和求助率一直较低，尤其是在情感问题和抑郁症状方面。有实证证据表明，男性治疗率低并非因为他们健康状况更好，而是必须归因于需求与求助行为之间的差异。社会变革和抑郁症的流行病学趋势表明，男性性别角色是导致年轻男性发病率上升的重要因素，也是求助行为的重要决定因素。有人认为，传统男性气质的社会规范使求助变得更加困难，因为抑制表达影响了对抑郁症症状的感知和症状表现。除了这些影响男性求助的易感因素外，还提到了其他医学和社会因素，这些因素进一步阻碍了求助。需要进一步研究来探讨改变男性气质是否意味着性别角色冲突或对健康有积极影响这一问题。
