Clouse M E, Adams D F
Urology. 1975 Feb;5(2):282-5. doi: 10.1016/0090-4295(75)90033-3.
Two patients with renal arteriovenous malformations are presented along with the distinct changes shown by urography, arteriography, and pharmacoangiography. The relevant roentgen signs in such patients include multiple small cobblestone-like identations caused by well-formed vascular channels projecting into the collecting structures, no angiographic or urographic evidence of a mass displacing the intrarenal vessels or collecting structures, normal sized arteries and veins leading to and from the malformation, and a decrease in size of the malformation after intra-arterial infusion of epinephrine. These patients may have flank pain or hematuria later in life or may remain asymptomatic. A complete urographic and angiographic examination will help to determine the appropriate therapy. Corrective surgery is usually reserved for symptomatic patients and, when indicated, require only surgical ligation of the vessels feeding and draining the malformation.
本文介绍了两名患有肾动静脉畸形的患者，以及静脉肾盂造影、动脉造影和药物血管造影所显示的明显变化。此类患者的相关X线征象包括：由伸入集合结构的形态良好的血管通道引起的多个小鹅卵石样压迹；无血管造影或静脉肾盂造影证据表明有肿块移位压迫肾内血管或集合结构；进出畸形部位的动脉和静脉大小正常；动脉内注入肾上腺素后畸形体积缩小。这些患者在以后的生活中可能会出现胁腹痛或血尿，也可能无症状。完整的静脉肾盂造影和血管造影检查有助于确定适当的治疗方法。矫正手术通常适用于有症状的患者，如有指征，仅需手术结扎为畸形供血和引流的血管。
