Fujii Y, Tanaka H, Kawasaki T
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Tsukuba Institute of Clinical Medicine, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
Arch Surg. 2001 Jan;136(1):101-4. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.136.1.101.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with a relatively high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting when no prophylactic antiemetic is given. This study assesses the efficacy and safety of oral granisetron hydrochloride for the prevention of nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
University teaching hospital.
The study comprised 120 patients, 92 women and 28 men, undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Patients received orally either placebo or granisetron at 3 different doses (1 mg, 2 mg, and 4 mg; n = 30 of each) 60 minutes before surgery. A standard general anesthetic technique and postoperative analgesia were used.
Emetic episodes were recorded during the first 24 hours after anesthesia.
The incidence of patients who were emesis-free 24 hours after anesthesia was 60% with 1 mg of granisetron (P =.40), 83% with 2 mg of granisetron (P =.01), and 83% with 4 mg of granisetron (P =.01), compared with placebo (53%). No clinically important adverse effects were observed in any of the groups.
Preoperative oral granisetron in doses higher than 2 mg is effective for the prevention of nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
在未给予预防性止吐药的情况下，腹腔镜胆囊切除术术后恶心呕吐的发生率相对较高。本研究评估口服盐酸格拉司琼预防腹腔镜胆囊切除术后恶心呕吐的有效性和安全性。
一项前瞻性、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究。
大学教学医院。
该研究纳入了120例行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的患者，其中女性92例，男性28例。
患者在手术前60分钟口服安慰剂或3种不同剂量（1毫克、2毫克和4毫克；每组n = 30）的格拉司琼。采用标准的全身麻醉技术和术后镇痛。
记录麻醉后最初24小时内的呕吐发作情况。
与安慰剂组（53%）相比，麻醉后24小时无呕吐的患者发生率在服用1毫克格拉司琼时为60%（P = 0.40），服用2毫克格拉司琼时为83%（P = 0.01），服用4毫克格拉司琼时为83%（P = 0.01）。在任何一组中均未观察到具有临床意义的不良反应。
术前口服高于2毫克剂量的格拉司琼对预防腹腔镜胆囊切除术后恶心呕吐有效。
