Honda H, Miharu N, Ohashi Y, Ohama K
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Clin Chem. 2001 Jan;47(1):41-6.
Fetal DNA has been found in maternal plasma and serum. Diagnosis of fetal gender using maternal plasma and serum has been attempted in an effort to develop a new noninvasive method of prenatal diagnosis.
Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 61 pregnant women at 10-17 weeks of gestation before amniocentesis. DNA was extracted from 800 microL of each plasma or serum sample. To detect the Y-chromosome-specific sequences DYS14 and DYZ3 in the maternal plasma and serum, 40 cycles of PCR were carried out for each DNA extract. The PCR products were analyzed by 2.5% agarose gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining, and the results were compared with the results of the cytogenetic analyses of amniocentesis.
Cytogenetic analysis of amniocentesis revealed that 31 pregnant women had a male fetus and the remaining 30 pregnant women had a female fetus. Both DYS14 and DYZ3 were detected in 27 of the 31 plasma samples obtained from pregnant women carrying a male fetus and in all of 31 serum samples obtained from the same women. Neither DYS14 nor DYZ3 was detected in either the plasma or serum samples obtained from any of the 30 pregnant women carrying a female fetus.
PCR analysis of maternal serum can be used to diagnose fetal gender.
已在孕妇血浆和血清中发现胎儿DNA。为开发一种新的非侵入性产前诊断方法，人们尝试利用孕妇血浆和血清诊断胎儿性别。
在羊膜穿刺术前，从61名妊娠10 - 17周的孕妇采集外周血样本。从每份800微升血浆或血清样本中提取DNA。为检测孕妇血浆和血清中Y染色体特异性序列DYS14和DYZ3，对每份DNA提取物进行40个循环的聚合酶链反应（PCR）。PCR产物通过2.5%琼脂糖凝胶电泳和溴化乙锭染色进行分析，并将结果与羊膜穿刺术的细胞遗传学分析结果进行比较。
羊膜穿刺术的细胞遗传学分析显示，31名孕妇怀有男胎，其余30名孕妇怀有女胎。在从怀有男胎的孕妇获得的31份血浆样本中的27份以及从这些孕妇获得的所有31份血清样本中均检测到DYS14和DYZ3。在从怀有女胎的30名孕妇中的任何一人获得的血浆或血清样本中均未检测到DYS14和DYZ3。
孕妇血清的PCR分析可用于诊断胎儿性别。
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