Alexander M P, Stuss D T
Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
Semin Neurol. 2000;20(4):427-37. doi: 10.1055/s-2000-13175.
The neurology of frontal lobe disorders can be summarized in descriptions of behavioral problems (apathy, etc.), of cognitive impairments (poor planning, etc.), and of motor deficits (grasp reflex, etc.). Reviews of this sort do not indicate, however, any regional specificity to the deficit profiles or identify any of the component processes of the complex deficits-what exactly is "poor planning"? In this review we present specific steps that assist in overcoming the limitations: (1) identify weaknesses in current understanding, (2) operationally define the processes to be analyzed, (3) review some methodologies that allow parsing of discreet processes into specific frontal regions, (4) review the unique advantages and disadvantages of the various neurological disorders that provide us with subjects for study, and (5) propose approaches to advance further a useful clinical neurology of frontal lobe disorders as well as a more finely grained scientific description of core frontal processes.
额叶疾病的神经学表现可归纳为行为问题（如冷漠等）、认知障碍（如计划能力差等）和运动缺陷（如抓握反射等）。然而，这类综述并未表明缺陷模式存在任何区域特异性，也未确定复杂缺陷的任何组成过程——“计划能力差”究竟是什么？在本综述中，我们提出了有助于克服这些局限性的具体步骤：（1）识别当前理解中的弱点；（2）从操作上定义要分析的过程；（3）回顾一些能将离散过程解析到特定额叶区域的方法；（4）回顾为我们提供研究对象的各种神经疾病的独特优缺点；（5）提出进一步推进有用的额叶疾病临床神经学以及对额叶核心过程进行更精细科学描述的方法。
