Grolleau J L, Lanfrey E, Lavigne B, Chavoin J P, Costagliola M
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999 Dec;104(7):2040-8. doi: 10.1097/00006534-199912000-00014.
A variety of breast deformities of differing appearances can be grouped together within an extensive syndrome that is characterized by anomalies of the breast base and preferentially involves the lower quadrants. Tuberous breasts are the most typical, but not the only, form of the deformity. The authors studied a series of 37 patients who had breast surgery, and they used a classification of three types: I, II, and III (in increasing order of severity). In type I breasts (minor form), only the lower medial quadrant is deficient; in type II breasts, both lower quadrants are deficient; and in type III breasts, all four quadrants are deficient. The study showed a predominance of minor forms (54 percent of breasts operated on) and of combinations including at least one minor form (81 percent of patients). Seventy percent of women had a breast asymmetry of more than 100 g. Only 27 percent of breasts operated on were hypotrophic, 45 percent were of normal volume, and 28 percent were hypertrophic. The authors propose a procedure to treat the minor forms of the deformity, using a mammaplasty with a superior pedicle and a lower lateral dermoglandular flap to fill the deficient lower medial quadrant. They define the indications of the classic techniques according to the type of deformity and stress the frequent need for secondary revision.
多种外观各异的乳房畸形可归为一种广泛的综合征，其特征为乳房基部异常，且以下象限受累为主。乳房结核是这种畸形最典型但并非唯一的形式。作者研究了37例接受乳房手术的患者，并采用了I、II和III型（严重程度递增）的分类方法。I型乳房（轻度形式）仅内侧下象限不足；II型乳房，两个下象限均不足；III型乳房，所有四个象限均不足。研究表明，轻度形式占主导（接受手术的乳房中有54%）以及至少包括一种轻度形式的组合占主导（81%的患者）。70%的女性乳房不对称超过100克。接受手术的乳房中，仅27%发育不良，45%体积正常，28%肥大。作者提出一种治疗轻度畸形的方法，采用带蒂上蒂乳房成形术和下外侧真皮腺体瓣填充内侧下象限不足。他们根据畸形类型定义了经典技术的适应症，并强调了二次修复的频繁需求。
