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反馈连接作用于猴子视觉皮层反应的早期阶段。

Feedback connections act on the early part of the responses in monkey visual cortex.

作者信息

Hupé J M, James A C, Girard P, Lomber S G, Payne B R, Bullier J

机构信息

Cerveau et Vision, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U371, 69675 Bron Cedex, France.

出版信息

J Neurophysiol. 2001 Jan;85(1):134-45. doi: 10.1152/jn.2001.85.1.134.

Abstract

We previously showed that feedback connections from MT play a role in figure/ground segmentation. Figure/ground coding has been described at the V1 level in the late part of the neuronal responses to visual stimuli, and it has been suggested that these late modulations depend on feedback connections. In the present work we tested whether it actually takes time for this information to be fed back to lower order areas. We analyzed the extracellular responses of 169 V1, V2, and V3 neurons that we recorded in two anesthetized macaque monkeys. MT was inactivated by cooling. We studied the time course of the responses of the neurons that were significantly affected by the inactivation of MT to see whether the effects were delayed relative to the onset of the response. We first measured the time course of the feedback influences from MT on V1, V2, and V3 neurons tested with moving stimuli. For the large majority of the 51 neurons for which the response decreased, the effect was present from the beginning of the response. In the responses averaged after normalization, the decrease of response was significant in the first 10-ms bin of response. A similar result was found for six neurons for which the response significantly increased when MT was inactivated. We then looked at the time course of the responses to flashed stimuli (95 neurons). We observed 15 significant decreases of response and 14 significant increases. In both populations, the effects were significant within the first 10 ms of response. For some neurons with increased responses we even observed a shorter latency when MT was inactivated. We measured the latency of the response to the flashed stimuli. We found that even the earliest responding neurons were affected early by the feedback from MT. This was true for the response to flashed and to moving stimuli. These results show that feedback connections are recruited very early for the treatment of visual information. It further indicates that the presence or absence of feedback effects cannot be deduced from the time course of the response modulations.

摘要

我们之前表明,来自MT的反馈连接在图形/背景分割中发挥作用。图形/背景编码已在视觉刺激神经元反应后期的V1水平被描述,并且有人提出这些后期调制依赖于反馈连接。在本研究中,我们测试了该信息反馈到较低层级区域是否真的需要时间。我们分析了在两只麻醉猕猴中记录的169个V1、V2和V3神经元的细胞外反应。通过冷却使MT失活。我们研究了受MT失活显著影响的神经元的反应时间进程,以查看这些影响相对于反应起始是否延迟。我们首先测量了MT对接受移动刺激测试的V1、V2和V3神经元的反馈影响的时间进程。对于51个反应减少的神经元中的绝大多数,从反应开始就存在这种影响。在归一化后平均的反应中,反应减少在反应的第一个10毫秒时间段内是显著的。对于6个当MT失活时反应显著增加的神经元也发现了类似结果。然后我们查看了对闪光刺激(95个神经元)的反应时间进程。我们观察到15个反应显著减少和14个反应显著增加。在这两个群体中,影响在反应的前10毫秒内都是显著的。对于一些反应增加的神经元,我们甚至观察到当MT失活时潜伏期更短。我们测量了对闪光刺激的反应潜伏期。我们发现即使是最早做出反应的神经元也会早期受到MT反馈的影响。对于对闪光和移动刺激的反应都是如此。这些结果表明,反馈连接在视觉信息处理的早期就被调用。这进一步表明,不能从反应调制的时间进程推断反馈效应的存在或不存在。

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