工作经历、工作量与肌肉骨骼疾病风险
Job experience, work load, and risk of musculoskeletal disorders.
作者信息
Häkkänen M, Viikari-Juntura E, Martikainen R
机构信息
Department of Physiology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 aA FIN-00250 Helsinki, Finland.
出版信息
Occup Environ Med. 2001 Feb;58(2):129-35. doi: 10.1136/oem.58.2.129.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the effects of physical work load and job experience on morbidity from musculoskeletal disorders among trailer assembly workers.
METHODS
A longitudinal study was carried out in a trailer assembly factory with many new workers employed during the follow up. The sickness absence of 532 workers (160 experienced and 372 new (separately for the first year of employment and from the second year on)) was followed up. Exposure was assessed by job titles, visits, task descriptions, and some direct measurements. The associations between the explanatory variables and sick leave were assessed by log linear models.
RESULTS
A higher rate of sick leave due to disorders of the upper limbs was found for new workers compared with experienced ones, especially in the high work load group. Women had a higher rate than men. New male workers in physically strenuous tasks had a high rate of sick leave due to neck and shoulder disorders.
CONCLUSIONS
As being unaccustomed to work seems to increase the risk of musculoskeletal disorders, special attention should be paid to newly employed workers.
摘要
目的
调查体力工作负荷和工作经验对拖车装配工人肌肉骨骼疾病发病率的影响。
方法
在一家拖车装配厂进行了一项纵向研究，随访期间雇佣了许多新工人。对532名工人（160名有经验的工人以及372名新工人（分别针对就业第一年和从第二年起））的病假情况进行了随访。通过职位、走访、任务描述以及一些直接测量来评估暴露情况。通过对数线性模型评估解释变量与病假之间的关联。
结果
与有经验的工人相比，新工人因上肢疾病导致的病假率更高，尤其是在高工作负荷组。女性的病假率高于男性。从事体力要求高的任务的新男性工人因颈部和肩部疾病导致的病假率较高。
结论
由于不习惯工作似乎会增加肌肉骨骼疾病的风险，因此应特别关注新雇佣的工人。
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