Keren D F, Elliott H L, Brown G D, Yardley J H
Gastroenterology. 1975 Jan;68(1):83-93.
Thiry-Vella loops in rabbit ileum were prepared by a new technique and were studied 18 hr to 49 days postisolation. The loops became grossly shortened after 14 days. Histologically, some shortening and blunting of villi was detectable as early as 4 days postisolation, and with prolonged isolation the changes became marked. Reduction in epithelial cell height and in brush border thickness were noted, and goblet cells were increased somewhat in size and prominence. Yet there was only slightly increased chronic inflammation in the mucosa and acute inflammation was uncommon, suggesting that mucosal injury was minimal. Furthermore, mean epithelial mitotic indices for the crypts did not rise and were generally reduced. Striking hyperplasia and hypertrophy of Paneth cells associated with mitotic figures in Paneth cells accompanied the atrophic changes in the villi. Reimplantation of loops into the bowel 3 weeks after isolation led to complete reversal of all changes, including hyperplasia of Paneth cells. On the other hand, regular perfusion of loops with a solution containing a large variety of nutrient substances failed to reverse the mucosal changes. It was concluded that atrophy of villi in isolated ileum of the rabbit occurred mainly because one or more substances contained in the chyme are needed to maintain normal mucosal architecture. These substances probably help regulate epithelial cell turnover and may well be endogenous in origin. Loss of substances in the chyme after loop isolation may also have led to Paneth cell hyperplasia. Alternatively, the Paneth cell changes and atrophy of villi might have been related in a cause and effect way.
采用一种新技术制备兔回肠的Thiry-Vella肠袢，并在分离后18小时至49天进行研究。分离14天后，肠袢明显缩短。组织学上，早在分离后4天就可检测到绒毛有一些缩短和变钝，随着分离时间延长，这些变化变得明显。观察到上皮细胞高度降低和刷状缘厚度减小，杯状细胞的大小和突出程度有所增加。然而，黏膜中的慢性炎症仅略有增加，急性炎症并不常见，这表明黏膜损伤最小。此外，隐窝的平均上皮有丝分裂指数没有升高，反而普遍降低。与潘氏细胞有丝分裂相相关的潘氏细胞显著增生和肥大伴随着绒毛的萎缩性变化。分离3周后将肠袢重新植入肠道导致所有变化完全逆转，包括潘氏细胞增生。另一方面，用含有多种营养物质的溶液定期灌注肠袢未能逆转黏膜变化。得出的结论是，兔离体回肠绒毛萎缩主要是因为食糜中所含的一种或多种物质是维持正常黏膜结构所必需的。这些物质可能有助于调节上皮细胞更新，很可能起源于内源性。肠袢分离后食糜中物质的丢失也可能导致潘氏细胞增生。或者，潘氏细胞的变化和绒毛萎缩可能存在因果关系。
