Kools J A, Tweedie D
Percept Mot Skills. 1975 Feb;40(1):11-9. doi: 10.2466/pms.1975.40.1.11.
Praxis was defined as the ability to perform skilled movements on command or demonstration. The performances of 87 normal male children, ages 1 to 6 yr., were assessed on four measures of praxis: oral praxis command, oral praxis demonstration, limb praxis command, and limb praxis demonstration. These measures were also correlated with measures of language and articulation development for the entire group across ages and for yearly age intervals. Results showed an orderly emergence of praxis in all measures beginning about age 1 and reaching nearly perfect performance by age 6. Predictably, ability to follow demonstration emerged earlier than ability to follow spoken commands. Praxis correlated somewhat with articulation and language skills at age 2 but the magnitude of the correlations decreased with increasing age intervals. Normative data are provided for clinical researchers interested in studying "apraxic" children.
运用能力被定义为根据指令或示范进行熟练动作的能力。对87名年龄在1至6岁的正常男性儿童的表现，通过四项运用能力指标进行评估：口头运用指令、口头运用示范、肢体运用指令和肢体运用示范。这些指标还与整个年龄段及各年龄区间的语言和发音发展指标相关。结果显示，所有指标的运用能力大约从1岁开始有序出现，到6岁时几乎达到完美表现。可以预见，遵循示范的能力比遵循口头指令的能力出现得更早。2岁时运用能力与发音和语言技能有一定关联，但随着年龄区间的增加，这种关联程度降低。为有兴趣研究“失用症”儿童的临床研究人员提供了规范数据。
