Rodgers R P
Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, U.S. National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.
J Med Pract Manage. 2000 May-Jun;15(6):306-13.
The rapid growth of biomedical information available via the Internet and its most popular retrieval system, the World Wide Web, has fostered active research and development directed toward locating resources that are appropriate for answering specific queries. The goal is to create tools that optimize information retrieval (as measured by two quantities, precision and recall) while minimizing the effort required by the user. Existing Web retrieval tools can be divided into the following groups: manually maintained topical lists; automatically generated word-based indices; software agents and multi-index searching aids; network cataloging methods; and miscellaneous hybrid and newer approaches. Improvements in current methods should arise from further research into: methods of describing objects on the Web; improved ways of searching for (and within) collections of documents as opposed to single documents; the ability to search for fielded documents; and ways to describe resources that span intra- and interdisciplinary as well as cross-cultural linguistic differences. For this last problem, the U.S. National Library of Medicine's Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) will be of great help. As online information retrieval improves, efforts are underway to improve the online information itself; quality control over content is being addressed as the peer-review systems of traditional printed journals migrate into the realm of electronic publication.
通过互联网及其最流行的检索系统万维网可获取的生物医学信息迅速增长，这推动了旨在定位适合回答特定问题的资源的积极研究与开发。目标是创建能优化信息检索（以精确率和召回率这两个指标衡量）同时将用户所需精力降至最低的工具。现有的网络检索工具可分为以下几类：人工维护的主题列表；自动生成的基于单词的索引；软件代理和多索引搜索辅助工具；网络编目方法；以及其他混合和更新的方法。当前方法的改进应源于对以下方面的进一步研究：描述网络上对象的方法；与搜索单个文档相对，改进搜索文档集合（以及在文档集合内搜索）的方式；搜索带字段文档的能力；以及描述跨越学科内和跨学科以及跨文化语言差异的资源的方法。对于最后一个问题，美国国立医学图书馆的统一医学语言系统（UMLS）将有很大帮助。随着在线信息检索的改进，人们正在努力改进在线信息本身；随着传统印刷期刊的同行评审系统向电子出版领域迁移，内容的质量控制问题也正在得到解决。
