Klewer J, Kugler J
Institut für Medizinische Informatik und Biometrie Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden.
Gesundheitswesen. 2000 Dec;62(12):654-9. doi: 10.1055/s-2000-10434.
Infectious diseases are still a worldwide health problem, and hence physicians are responsible for providing the population with sufficient vaccinations. Until now, however, comprehensive studies on vaccination behaviour in German medical/dental students, the future physicians/dentists, are lacking. The study analysed vaccinations of medical/dental students against tetanus, diphtheria, poliomyelitis, hepatitis A + B and tried to find possible influences on the vaccination behaviour. 126 medical and 99 dental students participated by working on an anonymous questionnaire related to sociodemographic data, smoking/drinking habits, drug abuse and vaccinations. The response rate was between 76 and 85%. Altogether, the investigated students were not sufficiently vaccinated. Nevertheless, they were better vaccinated than a normal reference sample. Except for a significantly better immunisation against hepatitis B in dental students, no differences between medical and dental students were found. In comparison to male students, female students presented better immunisation. On the other hand, students from the former West Germany, smoking students and students who are taking illegal drugs, were more insufficiently immunised than the other students. To optimise vaccinations in future physicians and dentists, medical/dental education should focus more on infectious diseases and knowledge about vaccinations. This would help to protect future physicians and dentists against preventable infectious diseases. Additionally, they are better skilled to prevent infectious diseases by providing the population with information and vaccinations.
传染病仍是一个全球性的健康问题,因此医生有责任为民众提供足够的疫苗接种。然而,到目前为止,尚缺乏针对德国医学/牙科学生(未来的医生/牙医)疫苗接种行为的全面研究。该研究分析了医学/牙科学生针对破伤风、白喉、脊髓灰质炎、甲型和乙型肝炎的疫苗接种情况,并试图找出对疫苗接种行为可能产生的影响。126名医学生和99名牙科学生参与了一项与社会人口统计学数据、吸烟/饮酒习惯、药物滥用和疫苗接种相关的匿名问卷调查。回复率在76%至85%之间。总体而言,被调查的学生疫苗接种不足。尽管如此,他们的疫苗接种情况比正常参考样本要好。除了牙科学生针对乙型肝炎的免疫接种明显更好外,未发现医学生和牙科学生之间存在差异。与男学生相比,女学生的免疫接种情况更好。另一方面,来自前西德的学生、吸烟的学生以及吸食非法药物的学生,其免疫接种情况比其他学生更差。为了优化未来医生和牙医的疫苗接种,医学/牙科教育应更多地关注传染病和疫苗接种知识。这将有助于保护未来的医生和牙医免受可预防的传染病侵害。此外,他们在通过向民众提供信息和疫苗接种来预防传染病方面也会更有技能。