Wallaschofski H, Drexler H, Schmid K
Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin der Universität Erlangen Nürnberg-Betriebsärztlicher Dienst.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2005 Jun 10;130(23):1429-33. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-870834.
Aim of this study was to inform medical students of existing deficits in their vaccination status and to raise their attention to the importance of vaccinations.
The status of vaccination was evaluated systematically in medical students (n = 1100, 686 (62.4 %) female). The students were asked to answer questions about their immunization history without consulting their vaccination certificates. Their answers were verified in their vaccination records.
86.2 % were in possession of their vaccination certificates. The ignorance about the vaccination status was smallest for mumps (9 %) and largest for pertussis (61 %). If data were given, these were frequently not confirmed. Immunization rates were 38.7 % (measles), 28.9 % (mumps), 29.6 % (German measles), 84.0 % (tetanus), 79.0 % (diphtheria) and 98.4 % (basic immunization against polio), 33.2 % (hepatitis A) and 63,7 % (hepatitis B).
There is lacking awareness of vaccination in medical students. Memory data were not reliable. A preclinical occupational health medical examination with a strong focus on infectious diseases and vaccinations is important. Medical students would thus be able to appreciate the importance of immunizations. An increased awareness of vaccinations can improve the prevention of infectious diseases.
本研究旨在告知医学生其疫苗接种状况中存在的不足，并提高他们对疫苗接种重要性的认识。
对医学生（n = 1100，686名（62.4%）为女性）的疫苗接种状况进行系统评估。要求学生在不查阅疫苗接种证书的情况下回答有关其免疫史的问题。他们的答案在其疫苗接种记录中得到核实。
86.2%的学生持有疫苗接种证书。对疫苗接种状况的无知在腮腺炎方面最小（9%），在百日咳方面最大（61%）。如果提供了数据，这些数据往往未得到证实。免疫接种率分别为：麻疹38.7%、腮腺炎28.9%（风疹）、29.6%、破伤风84.0%、白喉79.0%、脊髓灰质炎基础免疫98.4%、甲型肝炎33.2%、乙型肝炎63.7%。
医学生对疫苗接种缺乏认识。记忆数据不可靠。重点关注传染病和疫苗接种的临床前职业健康医学检查很重要。这样医学生就能认识到免疫接种的重要性。提高对疫苗接种的认识可以改善传染病的预防。
