Datsenko Z M
Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv.
Ukr Biokhim Zh (1999). 2000 Jul-Oct;72(4-5):122-7.
The Laboratory mainly deals with the development of biologic technologies for producing physiologically active lipid-protein-nature compounds from marine organisms containing omega-3 fatty acids (that are membrane components) with further evaluation of their action both in the normal state and in some simulated pathologic states as well as with creation of new preparations for application in medicine and agriculture on their basis. As a result of the experiments performed, a technology for producing two biologic preparations, namely, surface active compounds (phospholipids) and a nucleopeptid-lipid complex, exhibiting a specific action, was developed. The phospholipid complex, being surface-active in composition, was characterized as a complex possessing some surfactant-type properties and displaying an antioxidant and a membrane-stabilizing effect. On the basis of the complex including marine phospholipids with omega-3 fatty acids, the preparation "Phylomek", which is the concentrate of essential marine phospholipids, and the preparation "Morephyl", which is a marine agent with surfactant-type effect, intended for animals and poultry, were created. The ingredients of the nucleopeptid-lipid complex were identified, and its effect on the increase of testosterone levels in the blood of old and sick animals was determined. A stimulating agent of genital hormones secretion was recommended for application in the geriatrics in the case of genital function disturbance and presenilation. A fraction similar in chemical content and specific activity, found in the velvet antlers, was used as the base of the biologic preparation "Pantheron". The natural complexes of marine phospholipids were shown to be able to change the composition of lipids of membranes, but the intensity of these changes differed in cells differing in function. In the study of the biochemical mechanism of correction of disturbances in the cell membranes under an oxidative stress, the interrelation between the composition of lipids of membranes, their oxidation, and the content of natural antioxidants was determined. The reparative effect of marine phospholipids on the cell membranes under progressing pathology, caused by the restoration of the composition of phospholipids, by increases in the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase), and by a decrease of the accumulation of LPO products, was established. Under interaction of marine phospholipids and alpha-tocopherol, synergism was noticed, the antioxidant potential of the investigated substances and their membrane-stabilizing effect increased. The phospholipids with various residues of PUFA in the molecule were found to affect the inhibition and oxidation processes, as well as the modelling of lipid membranes. This is especially true for arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids, the ratio of which changes under the oxidative stress. At administration of phospholipids omega-3, their ratio decreases due a decrease in the level of unetherificated PUFA. The main changes of the PUFA were found to occur in phosphatidylethanolamine isolated from microsomes. The particular role of phosphatidylethanolamine and arachidonic acid in the reparation of membranes under the action of phospholipids PUFA omega-3 and alpha-tocopherol was noted.
该实验室主要致力于开发生物技术，以从含有ω-3脂肪酸（即膜成分）的海洋生物中生产生理活性脂质-蛋白质-天然化合物，并进一步评估其在正常状态和某些模拟病理状态下的作用，以及在此基础上开发用于医药和农业的新制剂。通过所进行的实验，开发出了一种生产两种生物制剂的技术，即具有特定作用的表面活性化合物（磷脂）和核肽-脂质复合物。磷脂复合物在组成上具有表面活性，其特征是具有一些表面活性剂类型的特性，并具有抗氧化和膜稳定作用。基于包含ω-3脂肪酸的海洋磷脂的复合物，制备了“Phylomek”制剂，它是必需海洋磷脂的浓缩物，以及“Morephyl”制剂，它是一种对动物和家禽具有表面活性剂类型作用的海洋制剂。确定了核肽-脂质复合物的成分，并测定了其对老龄和患病动物血液中睾酮水平升高的影响。对于生殖功能障碍和早衰的情况，推荐一种生殖激素分泌刺激剂用于老年医学。在鹿茸中发现的化学含量和比活性相似的部分被用作生物制剂“Pantheron”的基础。已表明海洋磷脂的天然复合物能够改变膜脂质的组成，但这些变化的强度在功能不同的细胞中有所不同。在研究氧化应激下细胞膜紊乱的纠正生化机制时，确定了膜脂质组成、其氧化与天然抗氧化剂含量之间的相互关系。通过恢复磷脂组成、增加抗氧化酶（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶）活性以及减少脂质过氧化产物的积累，确定了海洋磷脂在进展性病理情况下对细胞膜的修复作用。在海洋磷脂与α-生育酚相互作用时，观察到协同作用，所研究物质的抗氧化潜力及其膜稳定作用增加。发现分子中具有不同多不饱和脂肪酸残基的磷脂会影响抑制和氧化过程以及脂质膜建模。对于花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸尤其如此，它们的比例在氧化应激下会发生变化。在给予ω-3磷脂时，由于未醚化多不饱和脂肪酸水平的降低，它们的比例会降低。发现多不饱和脂肪酸的主要变化发生在从微粒体中分离出的磷脂酰乙醇胺中。注意到磷脂酰乙醇胺和花生四烯酸在ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸磷脂和α-生育酚作用下对膜修复的特殊作用。
