Vitiñi E, Alvarez S, Medina M, Medici M, de Budeguer M V, Perdigón G
Cátedra Inmunología, Instituto de Microbiología, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Argentina.
Biocell. 2000 Dec;24(3):223-32.
The beneficial properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on human health have been frequently demonstrated. The interaction of LAB with the lymphoid cells associated to the gut to activate the mucosal immune system and the mechanisms by which they can exert an adjuvant effect is still unclear, as well as if this property is common for all the LAB. We studied the influence of the oral administration of different geneous of LAB such as Lactobacillus casei, L. acidophilus, L. rhamnosus, L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, L. plantarum, Lactococcus lactis and Streptococcus thermophilus. We determined if the LAB assayed were able to stimulate the specific, the non-specific immune response (inflammatory response), or both. We demonstrated that all the bacteria assayed were able to increase the number of IgA producing cells associated to the lamina propria of small intestine. This effect was dose dependent. The increase in IgA+ producing cells was not always correlated with an increase in the CD4+ T cell number, indicating that some LAB assayed only induced clonal expansion of B cells triggered to produce IgA. Most of them, induced an increase in the number of cells involved in the inflammatory immune response. CD8+ T cell were diminished or not affected, with exception of L. plantarum that induced an increase at low dose. This fact would mean that LAB are unable to induce cytotoxicity mechanisms. We demonstrated the importance in the selection of LAB to be used as gut mucosal adjuvant. The different behaviours observed among them on the gut mucosal immune response, specially those that induce inflammatory immune response, show that not all the LAB can be used as oral adjuvant and that the beneficial effect of them can not generalized to genous or specie. The immunoadjuvant capacity would be a property of the strain assayed.
乳酸菌（LAB）对人类健康的有益特性已得到频繁证实。LAB与肠道相关淋巴细胞相互作用以激活黏膜免疫系统的方式以及它们发挥佐剂作用的机制仍不清楚，而且这种特性是否为所有LAB所共有也不明确。我们研究了口服不同种类的LAB（如干酪乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、德氏保加利亚乳杆菌亚种、植物乳杆菌、乳酸乳球菌和嗜热链球菌）的影响。我们确定所检测的LAB是否能够刺激特异性免疫反应、非特异性免疫反应（炎症反应）或两者皆能刺激。我们证明，所有检测的细菌都能够增加与小肠固有层相关的产生IgA的细胞数量。这种效应呈剂量依赖性。产生IgA+的细胞数量增加并不总是与CD4+ T细胞数量增加相关，这表明一些检测的LAB仅诱导触发产生IgA的B细胞的克隆扩增。它们中的大多数会导致参与炎症免疫反应的细胞数量增加。CD8+ T细胞数量减少或不受影响，但植物乳杆菌在低剂量时会使其增加。这意味着LAB无法诱导细胞毒性机制。我们证明了选择用作肠道黏膜佐剂的LAB的重要性。它们在肠道黏膜免疫反应中观察到的不同行为，特别是那些诱导炎症免疫反应的行为，表明并非所有LAB都可作为口服佐剂，而且它们的有益效果不能推广到种类或物种。免疫佐剂能力将是所检测菌株的一种特性。
