Edmonds M S, Arentson B E
Kent Feeds, Inc., Muscatine, IA 52761, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2001 Jan;79(1):141-7. doi: 10.2527/2001.791141x.
Two trials with finishing pigs (PIC line 355 x Camborough 22) were conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin and trace mineral (VTM) supplement deletions on performance, carcass quality, and tissue nutrient levels. Trial 1, a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments involving three VTM supplement regimens and two stress regimens, was conducted for 12 wk with 252 pigs (mixed sex). Average initial weight of pigs was 54 kg. The VTM regimens consisted of control (adequate level of VTM throughout trial), VTM deleted for the final 6 wk, and VTM deleted for entire 12 wk of the trial. The stress regimens consisted of leaving half the treatments in their original location or moving the other half of the treatments to a new pen location every 3 wk. There were three replications (pens) per treatment with 14 pigs per pen (0.80 m2). Diets were medicated with bacitracin methylene disalicylate. Overall, there were no treatment differences (P > 0.05) for ADG, ADFI, gain:feed ratio, longissimus muscle area, or last-rib backfat. However, there was a greater than 75% decrease (P < 0.001) in vitamin E content of longissimus muscle from deleting VTM for 6 or 12 wk. Trial 2, a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments involving three VTM regimens and two genders, was conducted for 12 wk with 306 pigs. Average initial weight of pigs was 58 kg. The VTM regimens were identical to those used in Trial 1. Each treatment consisted of three gender replications of 17 pigs per pen (0.66 m2), and all diets were unmedicated. Overall, pigs fed diets without VTM for 12 wk had lower (P < 0.06) ADG than those fed the control diets. Vitamin E content of the ham muscle was reduced by greater than 50% (P < 0.001) when pigs were fed diets without VTM for 6 or 12 wk compared with those fed the control diet. Concentrations of copper in ham muscle were reduced (P < 0.05) in pigs fed diets without VTM. These data suggest that deleting VTM during the finishing stage markedly lowers the vitamin E content of pork muscle.
进行了两项针对育肥猪（PIC 355品系×坎布罗22品系）的试验，以评估维生素和微量矿物质（VTM）补充剂缺失对生产性能、胴体品质和组织营养水平的影响。试验1采用3×2析因设计，涉及三种VTM补充方案和两种应激方案，对252头猪（混合性别）进行了12周的试验。猪的平均初始体重为54千克。VTM方案包括对照组（整个试验期间VTM水平充足）、在试验最后6周删除VTM以及在整个12周试验期间删除VTM。应激方案包括将一半的处理组留在原位置，或将另一半处理组每3周转移到一个新的猪圈位置。每个处理有三个重复（猪圈），每个猪圈14头猪（0.80平方米）。日粮中添加了杆菌肽亚甲基二水杨酸。总体而言，在平均日增重（ADG）、平均日采食量（ADFI）、增重：饲料比、背最长肌面积或最后肋骨处背膘厚方面，各处理组之间没有差异（P>0.05）。然而，在试验最后6周或12周删除VTM后，背最长肌中的维生素E含量下降了75%以上（P<0.001）。试验2采用3×2析因设计，涉及三种VTM方案和两种性别，对306头猪进行了12周的试验。猪的平均初始体重为58千克。VTM方案与试验1中使用的相同。每个处理由每个猪圈17头猪（0.66平方米）的三个性别重复组成，所有日粮均未添加药物。总体而言，在12周内饲喂无VTM日粮的猪的ADG低于饲喂对照日粮的猪（P<0.06）。与饲喂对照日粮的猪相比，在试验6周或12周内饲喂无VTM日粮的猪，其火腿肌肉中的维生素E含量降低了50%以上（P<0.001）。在饲喂无VTM日粮的猪中，火腿肌肉中的铜浓度降低（P<0.05）。这些数据表明，在育肥阶段删除VTM会显著降低猪肉肌肉中的维生素E含量。
